chart-generator

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Chart Generator Skill

Chart Generator Skill

Generate charts and visualizations from data using various charting libraries and formats.
使用各类图表库和格式,基于数据生成图表与可视化内容。

Instructions

操作说明

You are a data visualization expert. When invoked:
  1. Analyze Data:
    • Understand data structure and types
    • Identify appropriate chart types
    • Detect data patterns and trends
    • Calculate aggregations and statistics
    • Determine visualization goals
  2. Generate Charts:
    • Create bar, line, pie, scatter plots
    • Generate heatmaps and tree maps
    • Create histograms and box plots
    • Build time series visualizations
    • Design multi-dimensional charts
  3. Style and Customize:
    • Apply color schemes and themes
    • Add labels, legends, and annotations
    • Format axes and gridlines
    • Customize tooltips and interactions
    • Ensure accessibility and readability
  4. Export and Embed:
    • Save as PNG, SVG, PDF
    • Generate interactive HTML charts
    • Embed in markdown reports
    • Create chart APIs
    • Support responsive design
您是一名数据可视化专家。被调用时,请执行以下步骤:
  1. 分析数据:
    • 理解数据结构与类型
    • 确定合适的图表类型
    • 检测数据模式与趋势
    • 计算聚合值与统计量
    • 明确可视化目标
  2. 生成图表:
    • 创建柱状图、折线图、饼图、散点图
    • 生成热力图与树状图
    • 创建直方图与箱线图
    • 构建时间序列可视化图表
    • 设计多维图表
  3. 样式与自定义:
    • 应用配色方案与主题
    • 添加标签、图例与注释
    • 设置坐标轴与网格线格式
    • 自定义提示框与交互效果
    • 确保可访问性与可读性
  4. 导出与嵌入:
    • 保存为PNG、SVG、PDF格式
    • 生成交互式HTML图表
    • 嵌入到Markdown报告中
    • 创建图表API
    • 支持响应式设计

Usage Examples

使用示例

@chart-generator data.csv --type bar
@chart-generator --line --time-series
@chart-generator --pie --group-by category
@chart-generator --scatter x:age y:income
@chart-generator --heatmap --correlation
@chart-generator --interactive --html
@chart-generator data.csv --type bar
@chart-generator --line --time-series
@chart-generator --pie --group-by category
@chart-generator --scatter x:age y:income
@chart-generator --heatmap --correlation
@chart-generator --interactive --html

Chart Types and Use Cases

图表类型与适用场景

When to Use Each Chart Type

各类图表的适用场景

Chart TypeBest ForExample Use Case
Bar ChartComparing categoriesSales by product
Line ChartTrends over timeRevenue over months
Pie ChartPart-to-whole relationshipsMarket share
Scatter PlotRelationships between variablesHeight vs Weight
HistogramDistribution of valuesAge distribution
Box PlotStatistical distributionSalary ranges by department
HeatmapMatrix data, correlationsFeature correlations
Area ChartCumulative trendsStacked revenue streams
Bubble Chart3-dimensional dataSales vs Profit vs Market Share
TreemapHierarchical dataDisk space usage
图表类型最佳用途示例场景
柱状图对比分类数据各产品销售额
折线图展示时间趋势月度收入变化
饼图展示占比关系市场份额
散点图展示变量间关系身高与体重的关联
直方图展示值的分布年龄分布
箱线图展示统计分布各部门薪资范围
热力图展示矩阵数据、相关性特征相关性
面积图展示累积趋势叠加收入流
气泡图展示三维数据销售额、利润与市场份额的关联
树状图展示层级数据磁盘空间使用情况

Python - Matplotlib

Python - Matplotlib

python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

def create_bar_chart(data, x_col, y_col, title='Bar Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a bar chart
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        x = data[x_col]
        y = data[y_col]
    else:
        x = data['labels']
        y = data['values']

    bars = plt.bar(x, y, color='steelblue', alpha=0.8)

    # Add value labels on bars
    for bar in bars:
        height = bar.get_height()
        plt.text(bar.get_x() + bar.get_width()/2., height,
                f'{height:.1f}',
                ha='center', va='bottom')

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(x_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Category', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel(y_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Value', fontsize=12)
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.grid(axis='y', alpha=0.3)
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_line_chart(data, x_col, y_col, title='Line Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a line chart
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        x = data[x_col]
        y = data[y_col]
    else:
        x = data['x']
        y = data['y']

    plt.plot(x, y, marker='o', linewidth=2, markersize=6, color='steelblue')

    # Add grid
    plt.grid(True, alpha=0.3)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(x_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'X', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel(y_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Y', fontsize=12)
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_pie_chart(data, labels_col, values_col, title='Pie Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a pie chart
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        labels = data[labels_col]
        values = data[values_col]
    else:
        labels = data['labels']
        values = data['values']

    # Create color palette
    colors = plt.cm.Set3(np.linspace(0, 1, len(labels)))

    # Create pie chart
    wedges, texts, autotexts = plt.pie(
        values,
        labels=labels,
        autopct='%1.1f%%',
        startangle=90,
        colors=colors,
        explode=[0.05] * len(labels)  # Slightly separate slices
    )

    # Style percentage text
    for autotext in autotexts:
        autotext.set_color('white')
        autotext.set_fontweight('bold')
        autotext.set_fontsize(10)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.axis('equal')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_scatter_plot(data, x_col, y_col, color_col=None, size_col=None,
                       title='Scatter Plot', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a scatter plot
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        x = data[x_col]
        y = data[y_col]
        c = data[color_col] if color_col else None
        s = data[size_col] if size_col else 50
    else:
        x = data['x']
        y = data['y']
        c = None
        s = 50

    scatter = plt.scatter(x, y, c=c, s=s, alpha=0.6, cmap='viridis')

    if color_col:
        plt.colorbar(scatter, label=color_col)

    # Add trend line
    z = np.polyfit(x, y, 1)
    p = np.poly1d(z)
    plt.plot(x, p(x), "r--", alpha=0.8, label='Trend')

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(x_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'X', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel(y_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Y', fontsize=12)
    plt.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
    plt.legend()
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_histogram(data, column, bins=30, title='Histogram', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a histogram
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        values = data[column]
    else:
        values = data

    n, bins, patches = plt.hist(values, bins=bins, color='steelblue',
                                 alpha=0.7, edgecolor='black')

    # Add mean line
    mean_val = np.mean(values)
    plt.axvline(mean_val, color='red', linestyle='dashed', linewidth=2,
                label=f'Mean: {mean_val:.2f}')

    # Add median line
    median_val = np.median(values)
    plt.axvline(median_val, color='green', linestyle='dashed', linewidth=2,
                label=f'Median: {median_val:.2f}')

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(column if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Value', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel('Frequency', fontsize=12)
    plt.legend()
    plt.grid(axis='y', alpha=0.3)
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_box_plot(data, columns, title='Box Plot', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a box plot
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        data_to_plot = [data[col].dropna() for col in columns]
        labels = columns
    else:
        data_to_plot = data
        labels = [f'Group {i+1}' for i in range(len(data))]

    bp = plt.boxplot(data_to_plot, labels=labels, patch_artist=True)

    # Color boxes
    for patch in bp['boxes']:
        patch.set_facecolor('lightblue')
        patch.set_alpha(0.7)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.ylabel('Value', fontsize=12)
    plt.grid(axis='y', alpha=0.3)
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_heatmap(data, title='Heatmap', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a heatmap (correlation matrix)
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        # Calculate correlation matrix
        corr_matrix = data.corr()
    else:
        corr_matrix = data

    # Create heatmap
    im = plt.imshow(corr_matrix, cmap='coolwarm', aspect='auto',
                    vmin=-1, vmax=1)

    # Add colorbar
    cbar = plt.colorbar(im)
    cbar.set_label('Correlation', rotation=270, labelpad=20)

    # Set ticks and labels
    plt.xticks(range(len(corr_matrix.columns)), corr_matrix.columns,
               rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.yticks(range(len(corr_matrix.columns)), corr_matrix.columns)

    # Add correlation values
    for i in range(len(corr_matrix)):
        for j in range(len(corr_matrix.columns)):
            text = plt.text(j, i, f'{corr_matrix.iloc[i, j]:.2f}',
                          ha='center', va='center', color='black', fontsize=9)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold', pad=20)
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output
python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

def create_bar_chart(data, x_col, y_col, title='Bar Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a bar chart
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        x = data[x_col]
        y = data[y_col]
    else:
        x = data['labels']
        y = data['values']

    bars = plt.bar(x, y, color='steelblue', alpha=0.8)

    # Add value labels on bars
    for bar in bars:
        height = bar.get_height()
        plt.text(bar.get_x() + bar.get_width()/2., height,
                f'{height:.1f}',
                ha='center', va='bottom')

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(x_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Category', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel(y_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Value', fontsize=12)
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.grid(axis='y', alpha=0.3)
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_line_chart(data, x_col, y_col, title='Line Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a line chart
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        x = data[x_col]
        y = data[y_col]
    else:
        x = data['x']
        y = data['y']

    plt.plot(x, y, marker='o', linewidth=2, markersize=6, color='steelblue')

    # Add grid
    plt.grid(True, alpha=0.3)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(x_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'X', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel(y_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Y', fontsize=12)
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_pie_chart(data, labels_col, values_col, title='Pie Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a pie chart
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        labels = data[labels_col]
        values = data[values_col]
    else:
        labels = data['labels']
        values = data['values']

    # Create color palette
    colors = plt.cm.Set3(np.linspace(0, 1, len(labels)))

    # Create pie chart
    wedges, texts, autotexts = plt.pie(
        values,
        labels=labels,
        autopct='%1.1f%%',
        startangle=90,
        colors=colors,
        explode=[0.05] * len(labels)  # Slightly separate slices
    )

    # Style percentage text
    for autotext in autotexts:
        autotext.set_color('white')
        autotext.set_fontweight('bold')
        autotext.set_fontsize(10)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.axis('equal')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_scatter_plot(data, x_col, y_col, color_col=None, size_col=None,
                       title='Scatter Plot', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a scatter plot
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        x = data[x_col]
        y = data[y_col]
        c = data[color_col] if color_col else None
        s = data[size_col] if size_col else 50
    else:
        x = data['x']
        y = data['y']
        c = None
        s = 50

    scatter = plt.scatter(x, y, c=c, s=s, alpha=0.6, cmap='viridis')

    if color_col:
        plt.colorbar(scatter, label=color_col)

    # Add trend line
    z = np.polyfit(x, y, 1)
    p = np.poly1d(z)
    plt.plot(x, p(x), "r--", alpha=0.8, label='Trend')

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(x_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'X', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel(y_col if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Y', fontsize=12)
    plt.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
    plt.legend()
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_histogram(data, column, bins=30, title='Histogram', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a histogram
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        values = data[column]
    else:
        values = data

    n, bins, patches = plt.hist(values, bins=bins, color='steelblue',
                                 alpha=0.7, edgecolor='black')

    # Add mean line
    mean_val = np.mean(values)
    plt.axvline(mean_val, color='red', linestyle='dashed', linewidth=2,
                label=f'Mean: {mean_val:.2f}')

    # Add median line
    median_val = np.median(values)
    plt.axvline(median_val, color='green', linestyle='dashed', linewidth=2,
                label=f'Median: {median_val:.2f}')

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xlabel(column if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else 'Value', fontsize=12)
    plt.ylabel('Frequency', fontsize=12)
    plt.legend()
    plt.grid(axis='y', alpha=0.3)
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_box_plot(data, columns, title='Box Plot', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a box plot
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        data_to_plot = [data[col].dropna() for col in columns]
        labels = columns
    else:
        data_to_plot = data
        labels = [f'Group {i+1}' for i in range(len(data))]

    bp = plt.boxplot(data_to_plot, labels=labels, patch_artist=True)

    # Color boxes
    for patch in bp['boxes']:
        patch.set_facecolor('lightblue')
        patch.set_alpha(0.7)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.ylabel('Value', fontsize=12)
    plt.grid(axis='y', alpha=0.3)
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

def create_heatmap(data, title='Heatmap', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create a heatmap (correlation matrix)
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))

    if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
        # Calculate correlation matrix
        corr_matrix = data.corr()
    else:
        corr_matrix = data

    # Create heatmap
    im = plt.imshow(corr_matrix, cmap='coolwarm', aspect='auto',
                    vmin=-1, vmax=1)

    # Add colorbar
    cbar = plt.colorbar(im)
    cbar.set_label('Correlation', rotation=270, labelpad=20)

    # Set ticks and labels
    plt.xticks(range(len(corr_matrix.columns)), corr_matrix.columns,
               rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.yticks(range(len(corr_matrix.columns)), corr_matrix.columns)

    # Add correlation values
    for i in range(len(corr_matrix)):
        for j in range(len(corr_matrix.columns)):
            text = plt.text(j, i, f'{corr_matrix.iloc[i, j]:.2f}',
                          ha='center', va='center', color='black', fontsize=9)

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold', pad=20)
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

Python - Seaborn

Python - Seaborn

python
import seaborn as sns

def create_seaborn_chart(data, chart_type, x, y=None, hue=None,
                        title='Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create charts using Seaborn
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))

    # Set style
    sns.set_style("whitegrid")
    sns.set_palette("husl")

    if chart_type == 'bar':
        sns.barplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue)

    elif chart_type == 'line':
        sns.lineplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue, marker='o')

    elif chart_type == 'scatter':
        sns.scatterplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue, size=hue, alpha=0.6)

    elif chart_type == 'box':
        sns.boxplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue)

    elif chart_type == 'violin':
        sns.violinplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue)

    elif chart_type == 'dist':
        sns.histplot(data=data, x=x, hue=hue, kde=True)

    elif chart_type == 'heatmap':
        sns.heatmap(data.corr(), annot=True, fmt='.2f', cmap='coolwarm',
                   center=0, square=True, linewidths=1)

    elif chart_type == 'pairplot':
        # Special case - creates its own figure
        g = sns.pairplot(data, hue=hue)
        g.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
        return output

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output
python
import seaborn as sns

def create_seaborn_chart(data, chart_type, x, y=None, hue=None,
                        title='Chart', output='chart.png'):
    """
    Create charts using Seaborn
    """
    plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))

    # Set style
    sns.set_style("whitegrid")
    sns.set_palette("husl")

    if chart_type == 'bar':
        sns.barplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue)

    elif chart_type == 'line':
        sns.lineplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue, marker='o')

    elif chart_type == 'scatter':
        sns.scatterplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue, size=hue, alpha=0.6)

    elif chart_type == 'box':
        sns.boxplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue)

    elif chart_type == 'violin':
        sns.violinplot(data=data, x=x, y=y, hue=hue)

    elif chart_type == 'dist':
        sns.histplot(data=data, x=x, hue=hue, kde=True)

    elif chart_type == 'heatmap':
        sns.heatmap(data.corr(), annot=True, fmt='.2f', cmap='coolwarm',
                   center=0, square=True, linewidths=1)

    elif chart_type == 'pairplot':
        # Special case - creates its own figure
        g = sns.pairplot(data, hue=hue)
        g.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
        return output

    plt.title(title, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha='right')
    plt.tight_layout()

    plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
    plt.close()

    return output

Advanced Seaborn visualizations

Advanced Seaborn visualizations

def create_facet_grid(data, x, y, col=None, row=None, hue=None, title='Facet Grid', output='chart.png'): """ Create faceted charts """ g = sns.FacetGrid(data, col=col, row=row, hue=hue, height=4) g.map(sns.scatterplot, x, y, alpha=0.6) g.add_legend() g.fig.suptitle(title, y=1.02, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
plt.close()

return output
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def create_facet_grid(data, x, y, col=None, row=None, hue=None, title='Facet Grid', output='chart.png'): """ Create faceted charts """ g = sns.FacetGrid(data, col=col, row=row, hue=hue, height=4) g.map(sns.scatterplot, x, y, alpha=0.6) g.add_legend() g.fig.suptitle(title, y=1.02, fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
plt.savefig(output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
plt.close()

return output
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JavaScript - Chart.js

JavaScript - Chart.js

javascript
const { ChartJSNodeCanvas } = require('chartjs-node-canvas');

async function createBarChart(data, options = {}) {
  const width = options.width || 800;
  const height = options.height || 600;

  const chartJSNodeCanvas = new ChartJSNodeCanvas({ width, height });

  const configuration = {
    type: 'bar',
    data: {
      labels: data.labels,
      datasets: [{
        label: options.label || 'Dataset',
        data: data.values,
        backgroundColor: 'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.6)',
        borderColor: 'rgba(54, 162, 235, 1)',
        borderWidth: 2
      }]
    },
    options: {
      responsive: true,
      plugins: {
        title: {
          display: true,
          text: options.title || 'Bar Chart',
          font: { size: 18 }
        },
        legend: {
          display: true,
          position: 'top'
        }
      },
      scales: {
        y: {
          beginAtZero: true
        }
      }
    }
  };

  const imageBuffer = await chartJSNodeCanvas.renderToBuffer(configuration);
  return imageBuffer;
}

async function createLineChart(data, options = {}) {
  const width = options.width || 800;
  const height = options.height || 600;

  const chartJSNodeCanvas = new ChartJSNodeCanvas({ width, height });

  const configuration = {
    type: 'line',
    data: {
      labels: data.labels,
      datasets: [{
        label: options.label || 'Dataset',
        data: data.values,
        borderColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)',
        backgroundColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.2)',
        borderWidth: 2,
        tension: 0.4
      }]
    },
    options: {
      responsive: true,
      plugins: {
        title: {
          display: true,
          text: options.title || 'Line Chart',
          font: { size: 18 }
        }
      },
      scales: {
        y: {
          beginAtZero: true
        }
      }
    }
  };

  const imageBuffer = await chartJSNodeCanvas.renderToBuffer(configuration);
  return imageBuffer;
}

async function createPieChart(data, options = {}) {
  const width = options.width || 800;
  const height = options.height || 600;

  const chartJSNodeCanvas = new ChartJSNodeCanvas({ width, height });

  const configuration = {
    type: 'pie',
    data: {
      labels: data.labels,
      datasets: [{
        data: data.values,
        backgroundColor: [
          'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.6)',
          'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.6)',
          'rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.6)',
          'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.6)',
          'rgba(153, 102, 255, 0.6)',
          'rgba(255, 159, 64, 0.6)'
        ],
        borderWidth: 2
      }]
    },
    options: {
      responsive: true,
      plugins: {
        title: {
          display: true,
          text: options.title || 'Pie Chart',
          font: { size: 18 }
        },
        legend: {
          position: 'right'
        }
      }
    }
  };

  const imageBuffer = await chartJSNodeCanvas.renderToBuffer(configuration);
  return imageBuffer;
}
javascript
const { ChartJSNodeCanvas } = require('chartjs-node-canvas');

async function createBarChart(data, options = {}) {
  const width = options.width || 800;
  const height = options.height || 600;

  const chartJSNodeCanvas = new ChartJSNodeCanvas({ width, height });

  const configuration = {
    type: 'bar',
    data: {
      labels: data.labels,
      datasets: [{
        label: options.label || 'Dataset',
        data: data.values,
        backgroundColor: 'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.6)',
        borderColor: 'rgba(54, 162, 235, 1)',
        borderWidth: 2
      }]
    },
    options: {
      responsive: true,
      plugins: {
        title: {
          display: true,
          text: options.title || 'Bar Chart',
          font: { size: 18 }
        },
        legend: {
          display: true,
          position: 'top'
        }
      },
      scales: {
        y: {
          beginAtZero: true
        }
      }
    }
  };

  const imageBuffer = await chartJSNodeCanvas.renderToBuffer(configuration);
  return imageBuffer;
}

async function createLineChart(data, options = {}) {
  const width = options.width || 800;
  const height = options.height || 600;

  const chartJSNodeCanvas = new ChartJSNodeCanvas({ width, height });

  const configuration = {
    type: 'line',
    data: {
      labels: data.labels,
      datasets: [{
        label: options.label || 'Dataset',
        data: data.values,
        borderColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)',
        backgroundColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.2)',
        borderWidth: 2,
        tension: 0.4
      }]
    },
    options: {
      responsive: true,
      plugins: {
        title: {
          display: true,
          text: options.title || 'Line Chart',
          font: { size: 18 }
        }
      },
      scales: {
        y: {
          beginAtZero: true
        }
      }
    }
  };

  const imageBuffer = await chartJSNodeCanvas.renderToBuffer(configuration);
  return imageBuffer;
}

async function createPieChart(data, options = {}) {
  const width = options.width || 800;
  const height = options.height || 600;

  const chartJSNodeCanvas = new ChartJSNodeCanvas({ width, height });

  const configuration = {
    type: 'pie',
    data: {
      labels: data.labels,
      datasets: [{
        data: data.values,
        backgroundColor: [
          'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.6)',
          'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.6)',
          'rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.6)',
          'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.6)',
          'rgba(153, 102, 255, 0.6)',
          'rgba(255, 159, 64, 0.6)'
        ],
        borderWidth: 2
      }]
    },
    options: {
      responsive: true,
      plugins: {
        title: {
          display: true,
          text: options.title || 'Pie Chart',
          font: { size: 18 }
        },
        legend: {
          position: 'right'
        }
      }
    }
  };

  const imageBuffer = await chartJSNodeCanvas.renderToBuffer(configuration);
  return imageBuffer;
}

Interactive Charts - Plotly

交互式图表 - Plotly

python
import plotly.express as px
import plotly.graph_objects as go

def create_interactive_bar(data, x, y, title='Bar Chart', output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create interactive bar chart with Plotly
    """
    fig = px.bar(data, x=x, y=y, title=title,
                 color=y, color_continuous_scale='Viridis')

    fig.update_layout(
        font=dict(size=14),
        showlegend=True,
        hovermode='x unified'
    )

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_interactive_line(data, x, y, title='Line Chart', output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create interactive line chart
    """
    fig = px.line(data, x=x, y=y, title=title, markers=True)

    fig.update_traces(line=dict(width=3))

    fig.update_layout(
        hovermode='x unified',
        font=dict(size=14)
    )

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_interactive_scatter(data, x, y, color=None, size=None,
                              title='Scatter Plot', output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create interactive scatter plot
    """
    fig = px.scatter(data, x=x, y=y, color=color, size=size,
                    title=title, hover_data=data.columns)

    fig.update_traces(marker=dict(line=dict(width=0.5, color='white')))

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_3d_scatter(data, x, y, z, color=None, title='3D Scatter',
                     output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create 3D scatter plot
    """
    fig = px.scatter_3d(data, x=x, y=y, z=z, color=color, title=title)

    fig.update_layout(scene=dict(
        xaxis_title=x,
        yaxis_title=y,
        zaxis_title=z
    ))

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_time_series(data, date_col, value_col, title='Time Series',
                      output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create time series chart
    """
    fig = go.Figure()

    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
        x=data[date_col],
        y=data[value_col],
        mode='lines+markers',
        name=value_col,
        line=dict(width=2),
        marker=dict(size=6)
    ))

    # Add range slider
    fig.update_xaxes(
        rangeslider_visible=True,
        rangeselector=dict(
            buttons=list([
                dict(count=7, label="1w", step="day", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(count=1, label="1m", step="month", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(count=3, label="3m", step="month", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(count=1, label="1y", step="year", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(step="all")
            ])
        )
    )

    fig.update_layout(
        title=title,
        xaxis_title=date_col,
        yaxis_title=value_col,
        font=dict(size=14)
    )

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_dashboard(data, output='dashboard.html'):
    """
    Create multi-chart dashboard
    """
    from plotly.subplots import make_subplots

    fig = make_subplots(
        rows=2, cols=2,
        subplot_titles=('Bar Chart', 'Line Chart', 'Pie Chart', 'Scatter Plot'),
        specs=[[{'type': 'bar'}, {'type': 'scatter'}],
               [{'type': 'pie'}, {'type': 'scatter'}]]
    )

    # Add charts
    # Bar chart
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Bar(x=data['category'], y=data['value1'], name='Bar'),
        row=1, col=1
    )

    # Line chart
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Scatter(x=data['date'], y=data['value2'], mode='lines', name='Line'),
        row=1, col=2
    )

    # Pie chart
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Pie(labels=data['category'], values=data['value1'], name='Pie'),
        row=2, col=1
    )

    # Scatter plot
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Scatter(x=data['value1'], y=data['value2'], mode='markers', name='Scatter'),
        row=2, col=2
    )

    fig.update_layout(height=800, showlegend=True, title_text="Dashboard")

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output
python
import plotly.express as px
import plotly.graph_objects as go

def create_interactive_bar(data, x, y, title='Bar Chart', output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create interactive bar chart with Plotly
    """
    fig = px.bar(data, x=x, y=y, title=title,
                 color=y, color_continuous_scale='Viridis')

    fig.update_layout(
        font=dict(size=14),
        showlegend=True,
        hovermode='x unified'
    )

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_interactive_line(data, x, y, title='Line Chart', output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create interactive line chart
    """
    fig = px.line(data, x=x, y=y, title=title, markers=True)

    fig.update_traces(line=dict(width=3))

    fig.update_layout(
        hovermode='x unified',
        font=dict(size=14)
    )

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_interactive_scatter(data, x, y, color=None, size=None,
                              title='Scatter Plot', output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create interactive scatter plot
    """
    fig = px.scatter(data, x=x, y=y, color=color, size=size,
                    title=title, hover_data=data.columns)

    fig.update_traces(marker=dict(line=dict(width=0.5, color='white')))

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_3d_scatter(data, x, y, z, color=None, title='3D Scatter',
                     output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create 3D scatter plot
    """
    fig = px.scatter_3d(data, x=x, y=y, z=z, color=color, title=title)

    fig.update_layout(scene=dict(
        xaxis_title=x,
        yaxis_title=y,
        zaxis_title=z
    ))

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_time_series(data, date_col, value_col, title='Time Series',
                      output='chart.html'):
    """
    Create time series chart
    """
    fig = go.Figure()

    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
        x=data[date_col],
        y=data[value_col],
        mode='lines+markers',
        name=value_col,
        line=dict(width=2),
        marker=dict(size=6)
    ))

    # Add range slider
    fig.update_xaxes(
        rangeslider_visible=True,
        rangeselector=dict(
            buttons=list([
                dict(count=7, label="1w", step="day", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(count=1, label="1m", step="month", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(count=3, label="3m", step="month", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(count=1, label="1y", step="year", stepmode="backward"),
                dict(step="all")
            ])
        )
    )

    fig.update_layout(
        title=title,
        xaxis_title=date_col,
        yaxis_title=value_col,
        font=dict(size=14)
    )

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

def create_dashboard(data, output='dashboard.html'):
    """
    Create multi-chart dashboard
    """
    from plotly.subplots import make_subplots

    fig = make_subplots(
        rows=2, cols=2,
        subplot_titles=('Bar Chart', 'Line Chart', 'Pie Chart', 'Scatter Plot'),
        specs=[[{'type': 'bar'}, {'type': 'scatter'}],
               [{'type': 'pie'}, {'type': 'scatter'}]]
    )

    # Add charts
    # Bar chart
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Bar(x=data['category'], y=data['value1'], name='Bar'),
        row=1, col=1
    )

    # Line chart
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Scatter(x=data['date'], y=data['value2'], mode='lines', name='Line'),
        row=1, col=2
    )

    # Pie chart
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Pie(labels=data['category'], values=data['value1'], name='Pie'),
        row=2, col=1
    )

    # Scatter plot
    fig.add_trace(
        go.Scatter(x=data['value1'], y=data['value2'], mode='markers', name='Scatter'),
        row=2, col=2
    )

    fig.update_layout(height=800, showlegend=True, title_text="Dashboard")

    fig.write_html(output)
    return output

Chart Styling and Themes

图表样式与主题

python
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Matplotlib themes

Matplotlib themes

def apply_matplotlib_theme(theme='default'): """ Apply theme to matplotlib charts """ themes = { 'default': 'seaborn-v0_8-darkgrid', 'minimal': 'seaborn-v0_8-whitegrid', 'dark': 'dark_background', 'classic': 'classic', 'ggplot': 'ggplot' }
plt.style.use(themes.get(theme, 'default'))
def apply_matplotlib_theme(theme='default'): """ Apply theme to matplotlib charts """ themes = { 'default': 'seaborn-v0_8-darkgrid', 'minimal': 'seaborn-v0_8-whitegrid', 'dark': 'dark_background', 'classic': 'classic', 'ggplot': 'ggplot' }
plt.style.use(themes.get(theme, 'default'))

Custom color palettes

Custom color palettes

COLOR_PALETTES = { 'corporate': ['#003f5c', '#58508d', '#bc5090', '#ff6361', '#ffa600'], 'pastel': ['#a8e6cf', '#dcedc1', '#ffd3b6', '#ffaaa5', '#ff8b94'], 'vibrant': ['#e74c3c', '#3498db', '#2ecc71', '#f39c12', '#9b59b6'], 'monochrome': ['#2c3e50', '#34495e', '#7f8c8d', '#95a5a6', '#bdc3c7'] }
def apply_color_palette(palette_name='corporate'): """Apply custom color palette""" colors = COLOR_PALETTES.get(palette_name, COLOR_PALETTES['corporate']) plt.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle'] = plt.cycler(color=colors)
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COLOR_PALETTES = { 'corporate': ['#003f5c', '#58508d', '#bc5090', '#ff6361', '#ffa600'], 'pastel': ['#a8e6cf', '#dcedc1', '#ffd3b6', '#ffaaa5', '#ff8b94'], 'vibrant': ['#e74c3c', '#3498db', '#2ecc71', '#f39c12', '#9b59b6'], 'monochrome': ['#2c3e50', '#34495e', '#7f8c8d', '#95a5a6', '#bdc3c7'] }
def apply_color_palette(palette_name='corporate'): """Apply custom color palette""" colors = COLOR_PALETTES.get(palette_name, COLOR_PALETTES['corporate']) plt.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle'] = plt.cycler(color=colors)
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Export Formats

导出格式

python
def export_chart_multiple_formats(fig, base_name='chart'):
    """
    Export chart in multiple formats
    """
    formats = {
        'png': {'dpi': 300, 'transparent': False},
        'svg': {'format': 'svg'},
        'pdf': {'format': 'pdf'},
        'jpg': {'dpi': 300, 'format': 'jpg'}
    }

    files = []

    for fmt, kwargs in formats.items():
        output_file = f"{base_name}.{fmt}"
        fig.savefig(output_file, bbox_inches='tight', **kwargs)
        files.append(output_file)

    return files
python
def export_chart_multiple_formats(fig, base_name='chart'):
    """
    Export chart in multiple formats
    """
    formats = {
        'png': {'dpi': 300, 'transparent': False},
        'svg': {'format': 'svg'},
        'pdf': {'format': 'pdf'},
        'jpg': {'dpi': 300, 'format': 'jpg'}
    }

    files = []

    for fmt, kwargs in formats.items():
        output_file = f"{base_name}.{fmt}"
        fig.savefig(output_file, bbox_inches='tight', **kwargs)
        files.append(output_file)

    return files

Chart Generation Pipeline

图表生成流程

python
def generate_charts_from_data(data, chart_configs, output_dir='charts'):
    """
    Generate multiple charts from data based on configurations

    chart_configs = [
        {
            'type': 'bar',
            'x': 'category',
            'y': 'value',
            'title': 'Sales by Category',
            'output': 'sales_bar.png'
        },
        ...
    ]
    """
    import os
    os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)

    generated_charts = []

    for config in chart_configs:
        chart_type = config['type']
        output = os.path.join(output_dir, config['output'])

        if chart_type == 'bar':
            create_bar_chart(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                           config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'line':
            create_line_chart(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                            config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'pie':
            create_pie_chart(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                           config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'scatter':
            create_scatter_plot(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                              config.get('color'), config.get('size'),
                              config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'heatmap':
            create_heatmap(data, config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        generated_charts.append({
            'type': chart_type,
            'title': config.get('title'),
            'file': output
        })

    return generated_charts
python
def generate_charts_from_data(data, chart_configs, output_dir='charts'):
    """
    Generate multiple charts from data based on configurations

    chart_configs = [
        {
            'type': 'bar',
            'x': 'category',
            'y': 'value',
            'title': 'Sales by Category',
            'output': 'sales_bar.png'
        },
        ...
    ]
    """
    import os
    os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)

    generated_charts = []

    for config in chart_configs:
        chart_type = config['type']
        output = os.path.join(output_dir, config['output'])

        if chart_type == 'bar':
            create_bar_chart(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                           config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'line':
            create_line_chart(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                            config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'pie':
            create_pie_chart(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                           config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'scatter':
            create_scatter_plot(data, config['x'], config['y'],
                              config.get('color'), config.get('size'),
                              config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        elif chart_type == 'heatmap':
            create_heatmap(data, config.get('title', 'Chart'), output)

        generated_charts.append({
            'type': chart_type,
            'title': config.get('title'),
            'file': output
        })

    return generated_charts

Best Practices

最佳实践

  1. Choose appropriate chart types for your data
  2. Use clear, descriptive titles and labels
  3. Apply consistent color schemes across charts
  4. Ensure readability (font sizes, contrast)
  5. Add context (annotations, reference lines)
  6. Export in high resolution (300 DPI minimum)
  7. Consider accessibility (color-blind friendly palettes)
  8. Test on different screen sizes (responsive design)
  9. Optimize file sizes for web use
  10. Document chart generation code for reproducibility
  1. 为数据选择合适的图表类型
  2. 使用清晰、描述性的标题与标签
  3. 在图表间应用一致的配色方案
  4. 确保可读性(字体大小、对比度)
  5. 添加上下文信息(注释、参考线)
  6. 以高分辨率导出(最低300 DPI)
  7. 考虑可访问性(适合色弱人群的配色)
  8. 在不同屏幕尺寸上测试(响应式设计)
  9. 优化网页使用的文件大小
  10. 为图表生成代码添加文档,确保可复现

Common Chart Patterns

常见图表模式

Comparison Charts

对比类图表

  • Bar charts for categorical comparisons
  • Grouped bar charts for multi-series comparison
  • Stacked bar charts for part-to-whole comparisons
  • 柱状图:对比分类数据
  • 分组柱状图:对比多系列数据
  • 堆叠柱状图:展示部分与整体的对比

Trend Charts

趋势类图表

  • Line charts for time series
  • Area charts for cumulative trends
  • Sparklines for inline trends
  • 折线图:展示时间序列趋势
  • 面积图:展示累积趋势
  • 迷你图:嵌入式趋势展示

Distribution Charts

分布类图表

  • Histograms for frequency distribution
  • Box plots for statistical distribution
  • Violin plots for distribution shape
  • 直方图:展示频率分布
  • 箱线图:展示统计分布
  • 小提琴图:展示分布形状

Relationship Charts

关系类图表

  • Scatter plots for correlations
  • Bubble charts for 3D relationships
  • Heatmaps for matrix relationships
  • 散点图:展示相关性
  • 气泡图:展示三维关系
  • 热力图:展示矩阵关系

Composition Charts

构成类图表

  • Pie charts for simple part-to-whole
  • Stacked area charts for trends over time
  • Treemaps for hierarchical composition
  • 饼图:展示简单占比关系
  • 堆叠面积图:展示随时间变化的构成
  • 树状图:展示层级构成

Notes

注意事项

  • Always label axes and provide units
  • Use appropriate scales (linear, logarithmic)
  • Consider data-ink ratio (minimize chart junk)
  • Test charts with different data ranges
  • Provide legends when using multiple series
  • Use annotations to highlight key insights
  • Export charts in vector formats for publications
  • Keep color schemes consistent across related charts
  • Consider cultural differences in color meanings
  • Validate data before visualization
  • 始终为坐标轴添加标签与单位
  • 使用合适的刻度(线性、对数)
  • 考虑数据墨水比(减少不必要的图表元素)
  • 使用不同数据范围测试图表
  • 多系列图表需添加图例
  • 使用注释突出关键见解
  • 为出版物导出矢量格式的图表
  • 相关图表保持配色方案一致
  • 考虑颜色含义的文化差异
  • 可视化前先验证数据