isa-standards
Compare original and translation side by side
🇺🇸
Original
English🇨🇳
Translation
ChineseISA Standards Reference for Industrial Automation
工业自动化ISA标准参考文档
ISA-5.1: Instrumentation Symbols and Identification
ISA-5.1:仪表符号与标识
Tag Number Structure
标签编号结构
[Area].[Functional ID].[Loop Number][Suffix]
Functional ID = [First Letter: measured variable] + [Succeeding Letters: function/modifier]
Examples from project:
11301.PDI.076A = Area 11301, Pressure Differential Indicator, loop 076, suffix A
11301.SALL.020A = Area 11301, Speed Alarm Low-Low, loop 020, suffix A
11301.FIC.056A = Area 11301, Flow Indicating Controller, loop 056, suffix A
11301.CLWW.1A1 = Area 11301, Conveyor (equipment tag), unit 1A1[Area].[Functional ID].[Loop Number][Suffix]
Functional ID = [First Letter: measured variable] + [Succeeding Letters: function/modifier]
Examples from project:
11301.PDI.076A = Area 11301, Pressure Differential Indicator, loop 076, suffix A
11301.SALL.020A = Area 11301, Speed Alarm Low-Low, loop 020, suffix A
11301.FIC.056A = Area 11301, Flow Indicating Controller, loop 056, suffix A
11301.CLWW.1A1 = Area 11301, Conveyor (equipment tag), unit 1A1First Letter (Measured/Initiating Variable)
首字母(被测/触发变量)
| Letter | Variable | As Succeeding Letter |
|---|---|---|
| A | Analysis (pH, O2, conductivity) | Alarm |
| B | Burner, Combustion | User's choice |
| C | User's Choice | Control |
| D | User's Choice | Differential |
| E | Voltage (EMF) | Sensor/Element |
| F | Flow Rate | Ratio/Fraction |
| G | User's Choice | Glass/Gauge |
| H | Hand (Manual) | High |
| I | Current (Electrical) | Indicate |
| J | Power | Scan |
| K | Time, Schedule | Time Rate of Change |
| L | Level | Light/Low |
| M | User's Choice | Middle/Intermediate |
| N | User's Choice | User's choice |
| O | User's Choice | Orifice/Restriction |
| P | Pressure, Vacuum | Point (test) |
| Q | Quantity | Totalize/Integrate |
| R | Radiation | Record |
| S | Speed, Frequency | Switch/Safety |
| T | Temperature | Transmit |
| U | Multivariable | Multifunction |
| V | Vibration, Mechanical Analysis | Valve/Damper |
| W | Weight, Force | Well/Probe |
| X | Unclassified | Unclassified |
| Y | Event, State, Presence | Relay/Compute |
| Z | Position, Dimension | Actuator/Driver |
| 字母 | 变量 | 作为后续字母时 |
|---|---|---|
| A | 分析(pH值、氧气、电导率) | 报警 |
| B | 燃烧器、燃烧 | 用户自定义 |
| C | 用户自定义 | 控制 |
| D | 用户自定义 | 差值 |
| E | 电压(EMF) | 传感器/元件 |
| F | 流量 | 比率/分数 |
| G | 用户自定义 | 玻璃/仪表 |
| H | 手动 | 高 |
| I | 电流(电气) | 指示 |
| J | 功率 | 扫描 |
| K | 时间、调度 | 时间变化率 |
| L | 液位 | 灯光/低 |
| M | 用户自定义 | 中间值 |
| N | 用户自定义 | 用户自定义 |
| O | 用户自定义 | 孔板/限流装置 |
| P | 压力、真空 | 测点(测试) |
| Q | 数量 | 累计/积分 |
| R | 辐射 | 记录 |
| S | 速度、频率 | 开关/安全 |
| T | 温度 | 传输 |
| U | 多变量 | 多功能 |
| V | 振动、机械分析 | 阀门/挡板 |
| W | 重量、力 | 阱/探头 |
| X | 未分类 | 未分类 |
| Y | 事件、状态、存在 | 继电器/计算 |
| Z | 位置、尺寸 | 执行器/驱动器 |
Common Tag Combinations
常见标签组合
Flow:
FE (element), FT (transmitter), FI (indicator), FIC (indicating controller), FCV (control valve), FAH (alarm high), FAL (alarm low), FAHH (alarm high-high), FALL (alarm low-low), FSH (switch high), FSL (switch low), FQI (quantity indicator/totalizer), FR (recorder)
Level:
LT, LI, LIC, LCV, LAH, LAL, LAHH, LALL, LSH, LSL, LSHH, LSLL, LG (gauge glass)
Pressure:
PT, PI, PIC, PCV, PAH, PAL, PAHH, PALL, PDI (differential indicator), PDIC, PDT, PSH, PSL, PSV (safety valve), PG (gauge)
Temperature:
TE (element), TT, TI, TIC, TCV, TAH, TAL, TSH, TSL, TR (recorder), TW (thermowell)
Position/Valve:
ZT (position transmitter), ZI, ZIC, ZAH (open alarm), ZAL (closed alarm), ZSH (open switch), ZSL (closed switch), ZSHH, ZSLL
Speed:
ST, SI, SIC, SAH, SAL, SAHH, SALL
Current (Electrical):
II (current indicator), IIC (current indicating controller), IAH, IAHH
Vibration:
VI (vibration indicator), VAH, VAHH
流量:
FE(元件)、FT(变送器)、FI(指示器)、FIC(指示控制器)、FCV(控制阀)、FAH(高报警)、FAL(低报警)、FAHH(高高报警)、FALL(低低报警)、FSH(高开关)、FSL(低开关)、FQI(数量指示器/累计器)、FR(记录仪)
液位:
LT、LI、LIC、LCV、LAH、LAL、LAHH、LALL、LSH、LSL、LSHH、LSLL、LG(玻璃液位计)
压力:
PT、PI、PIC、PCV、PAH、PAL、PAHH、PALL、PDI(差压指示器)、PDIC、PDT、PSH、PSL、PSV(安全阀)、PG(压力表)
温度:
TE(元件)、TT、TI、TIC、TCV、TAH、TAL、TSH、TSL、TR(记录仪)、TW(热电偶套管)
位置/阀门:
ZT(位置变送器)、ZI、ZIC、ZAH(开启报警)、ZAL(关闭报警)、ZSH(开启开关)、ZSL(关闭开关)、ZSHH、ZSLL
速度:
ST、SI、SIC、SAH、SAL、SAHH、SALL
电流(电气):
II(电流指示器)、IIC(电流指示控制器)、IAH、IAHH
振动:
VI(振动指示器)、VAH、VAHH
Equipment Tags (Non-ISA, Plant-Specific)
设备标签(非ISA标准,工厂自定义)
| Code | Equipment Type | Example |
|---|---|---|
| K | Kiln/Equipment | 11301.K.9 |
| N | Pump | 11301.N.3A |
| F | Feeder | 11301.F.4 |
| WG | Weighing belt | 11301.WG.8 |
| SR | Screen/Separator | 11301.SR.9A |
| CL/CLWW | Conveyor (weigh) | 11301.CLWW.1A1 |
| KC | Crusher | 11301.KC.F.4 |
| EL | Elevator | 11301.EL.AA |
| Z | Silo/Storage | 11301.Z.2A |
| 代码 | 设备类型 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| K | 窑炉/设备 | 11301.K.9 |
| N | 泵 | 11301.N.3A |
| F | 进料器 | 11301.F.4 |
| WG | 称重皮带 | 11301.WG.8 |
| SR | 筛网/分离器 | 11301.SR.9A |
| CL/CLWW | 输送机(称重型) | 11301.CLWW.1A1 |
| KC | 破碎机 | 11301.KC.F.4 |
| EL | 提升机 | 11301.EL.AA |
| Z | 料仓/存储设备 | 11301.Z.2A |
Tag Naming Variations by Region/Vendor
不同地区/厂商的标签命名差异
| Convention | Format | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ISA Pure | FIC-101A | American standard |
| European (this project) | 11301.FIC.101A | Area.Function.LoopSuffix |
| Siemens/KKS | +FIC101A= | German power plant standard |
| DeltaV path | FIC-101A/PV | With parameter path |
| Honeywell | FIC101A.PV | With point parameter |
| 规范 | 格式 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| ISA纯标准 | FIC-101A | 美国标准 |
| 欧洲(本项目) | 11301.FIC.101A | 区域.功能.回路后缀 |
| Siemens/KKS | +FIC101A= | 德国电厂标准 |
| DeltaV路径 | FIC-101A/PV | 带参数路径 |
| Honeywell | FIC101A.PV | 带测点参数 |
ISA-88: Batch Control (S88)
ISA-88:批量控制(S88)
Physical Model Hierarchy
物理模型层级
Enterprise
+-- Site
+-- Area
+-- Process Cell
+-- Unit
+-- Equipment Module (EM)
+-- Control Module (CM)Enterprise
+-- Site
+-- Area
+-- Process Cell
+-- Unit
+-- Equipment Module (EM)
+-- Control Module (CM)Mapping to DCS Engineering
与DCS工程的映射
| ISA-88 Concept | DCS Implementation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Control Module | Function block instance | Motor block, valve block, PID loop |
| Equipment Module | Sequence/SFC | Reactor filling sequence |
| Unit | Process unit with sequences | Reactor R-101 |
| Process Cell | Group of units | Production Line A |
| ISA-88概念 | DCS实现方式 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| 控制模块 | 功能块实例 | 电机块、阀门块、PID回路 |
| 设备模块 | 序列/SFC | 反应器进料序列 |
| 单元 | 带序列的工艺单元 | 反应器R-101 |
| 工艺单元组 | 单元组 | 生产线A |
Control Module Types (Standard Templates)
控制模块类型(标准模板)
- Motor CM: Start/Stop, feedback, interlock, mode selection
- On/Off Valve CM: Open/Close, position feedback, interlock
- Modulating Valve CM: Analog output, position feedback, PID output
- PID Loop CM: AI input, PID algorithm, AO output
- Analog Input CM: Scaling, filtering, alarm limits
- Digital Input CM: State detection, alarm on state
- 电机CM:启停、反馈、联锁、模式选择
- 开关阀CM:开关、位置反馈、联锁
- 调节阀CM:模拟输出、位置反馈、PID输出
- PID回路CM:AI输入、PID算法、AO输出
- 模拟输入CM:量程缩放、滤波、报警限值
- 数字输入CM:状态检测、状态报警
ISA-95: Enterprise-Control Integration
ISA-95:企业-控制集成
Equipment Hierarchy (extends ISA-88 upward)
设备层级(扩展ISA-88至上层)
Enterprise > Site > Area > Work Center > Work UnitEnterprise > Site > Area > Work Center > Work UnitRelevance to Tag Naming
与标签命名的关联
Tags should encode the hierarchy. Example:
11301.FIC.056A- = Area identifier (maps to ISA-95 Area)
11301 - = Function (ISA-5.1)
FIC - = Loop number (unique within area)
056 - = Suffix (parallel instance)
A
标签应编码层级信息。示例:
11301.FIC.056A- = 区域标识符(对应ISA-95区域)
11301 - = 功能(ISA-5.1标准)
FIC - = 回路编号(区域内唯一)
056 - = 后缀(并行实例)
A
ISA-18.2: Alarm Management
ISA-18.2:报警管理
Alarm Priority Distribution (Guideline)
报警优先级分配(指南)
| Priority | Percentage | Response Time |
|---|---|---|
| Critical (1) | ~5% | Immediate |
| High (2) | ~15% | < 5 minutes |
| Medium (3) | ~30% | < 30 minutes |
| Low (4) | ~50% | Next round |
| 优先级 | 占比 | 响应时间 |
|---|---|---|
| 关键(1) | ~5% | 立即响应 |
| 高(2) | ~15% | < 5分钟 |
| 中(3) | ~30% | < 30分钟 |
| 低(4) | ~50% | 下一轮处理 |
Alarm Tag Properties for Bulk Engineering
批量工程的报警标签属性
Each alarm tag requires: Priority, Setpoint (limit), Deadband, On-delay, Off-delay, Alarm class (Process/Safety/Equipment), Shelving capability.
每个报警标签需包含:优先级、设定值(限值)、死区、触发延迟、恢复延迟、报警类别(工艺/安全/设备)、搁置功能。
Naming Convention for Alarms
报警命名规范
{Area}.{Variable}{AlarmType}.{Loop}{Suffix}
PAH = Pressure Alarm High
PAHH = Pressure Alarm High-High
PAL = Pressure Alarm Low
PALL = Pressure Alarm Low-Low
In Freelance EAM: XA1 = primary alarm, XA2 = secondary alarm{Area}.{Variable}{AlarmType}.{Loop}{Suffix}
PAH = 压力高报警
PAHH = 压力高高报警
PAL = 压力低报警
PALL = 压力低低报警
在Freelance EAM中:XA1 = 主报警,XA2 = 副报警ISA-101: Human Machine Interfaces
ISA-101:人机界面(HMI)
Display Hierarchy
显示层级
| Level | Name | Content | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plant Overview | Entire plant, KPIs | 1-3 |
| 2 | Area Overview | One process area | 5-20 |
| 3 | Unit Detail | One unit operation | 20-100 |
| 4 | Faceplate/Detail | One control loop | Auto-generated |
| 层级 | 名称 | 内容 | 数量 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 工厂概览 | 整个工厂、关键绩效指标(KPIs) | 1-3个 |
| 2 | 区域概览 | 单个工艺区域 | 5-20个 |
| 3 | 单元详情 | 单个单元操作 | 20-100个 |
| 4 | 面板/详情页 | 单个控制回路 | 自动生成 |
High-Performance HMI Principles
高性能HMI原则
- Gray backgrounds (not black)
- Analog representations (bar graphs, sparklines, not just numbers)
- Minimal animation (no rotating equipment, no flowing pipes)
- Color reserved for abnormal states (alarms, deviations)
- Consistent navigation (plant hierarchy)
- Situational awareness focus
- 灰色背景(非黑色)
- 模拟表示(条形图、迷你折线图,而非仅数字)
- 最少动画(无旋转设备、无流动管道)
- 颜色仅用于异常状态(报警、偏差)
- 一致的导航(工厂层级)
- 聚焦情境感知