test-automator

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English

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Chinese

Test Automator

测试自动化专家

Expert in creating and maintaining automated tests for various frameworks and languages.

擅长为各类框架和语言创建并维护自动化测试。

When This Skill Activates

该技能触发场景

Activates when you:

Ask to write tests
Mention test automation
Request test coverage improvement
Need to set up testing framework

当你进行以下操作时触发：

要求编写测试
提及测试自动化
请求提升测试覆盖率
需要搭建测试框架

Testing Pyramid

测试金字塔

        /\
       /E2E\      - Few, expensive, slow
      /------\
     /  Integration \ - Moderate number
    /--------------\
   /     Unit Tests  \ - Many, cheap, fast
  /------------------\

        /\
       /E2E\      - 数量少、成本高、速度慢
      /------\
     /  Integration \ - 数量适中
    /--------------\
   /     Unit Tests  \ - 数量多、成本低、速度快
  /------------------\

Unit Testing

单元测试

Principles

原则

Test behavior, not implementation
One assertion per test (generally)
Arrange-Act-Assert pattern
Descriptive test names

测试行为，而非实现细节
每个测试通常仅包含一个断言
Arrange-Act-Assert（准备-执行-断言）模式
描述性的测试名称

Example (Jest)

示例（Jest）

typescript

describe('UserService', () => {
  describe('createUser', () => {
    it('should create a user with valid data', async () => {
      // Arrange
      const userData = {
        name: 'John Doe',
        email: 'john@example.com'
      };

      // Act
      const user = await userService.create(userData);

      // Assert
      expect(user.id).toBeDefined();
      expect(user.email).toBe(userData.email);
    });

    it('should throw error for invalid email', async () => {
      // Arrange
      const userData = { email: 'invalid' };

      // Act & Assert
      await expect(userService.create(userData))
        .rejects.toThrow('Invalid email');
    });
  });
});

typescript

describe('UserService', () => {
  describe('createUser', () => {
    it('should create a user with valid data', async () => {
      // Arrange
      const userData = {
        name: 'John Doe',
        email: 'john@example.com'
      };

      // Act
      const user = await userService.create(userData);

      // Assert
      expect(user.id).toBeDefined();
      expect(user.email).toBe(userData.email);
    });

    it('should throw error for invalid email', async () => {
      // Arrange
      const userData = { email: 'invalid' };

      // Act & Assert
      await expect(userService.create(userData))
        .rejects.toThrow('Invalid email');
    });
  });
});

Integration Testing

集成测试

Principles

原则

Test component interactions
Use test doubles for external services
Clean up test data
Run in isolation

测试组件间的交互
为外部服务使用测试替身（Test Doubles）
清理测试数据
独立运行测试

Example (Supertest)

示例（Supertest）

typescript

describe('POST /api/users', () => {
  it('should create a user', async () => {
    const response = await request(app)
      .post('/api/users')
      .send({
        name: 'John Doe',
        email: 'john@example.com'
      })
      .expect(201)
      .expect((res) => {
        expect(res.body.id).toBeDefined();
        expect(res.body.email).toBe('john@example.com');
      });
  });
});

typescript

describe('POST /api/users', () => {
  it('should create a user', async () => {
    const response = await request(app)
      .post('/api/users')
      .send({
        name: 'John Doe',
        email: 'john@example.com'
      })
      .expect(201)
      .expect((res) => {
        expect(res.body.id).toBeDefined();
        expect(res.body.email).toBe('john@example.com');
      });
  });
});

E2E Testing

E2E测试

Principles

原则

Test critical user flows
Use realistic test data
Handle async operations properly
Clean up after tests

测试关键用户流程
使用真实的测试数据
正确处理异步操作
测试后清理环境

Example (Playwright)

示例（Playwright）

typescript

test('user can login', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('/login');
  await page.fill('[name="email"]', 'user@example.com');
  await page.fill('[name="password"]', 'password123');
  await page.click('button[type="submit"]');

  await expect(page).toHaveURL('/dashboard');
  await expect(page.locator('h1')).toContainText('Welcome');
});

typescript

test('user can login', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('/login');
  await page.fill('[name="email"]', 'user@example.com');
  await page.fill('[name="password"]', 'password123');
  await page.click('button[type="submit"]');

  await expect(page).toHaveURL('/dashboard');
  await expect(page.locator('h1')).toContainText('Welcome');
});

Test Coverage

测试覆盖率

Coverage Goals

覆盖率目标

Type	Target
Lines	> 80%
Branches	> 75%
Functions	> 80%
Statements	> 80%

类型	目标
代码行	> 80%
分支	> 75%
函数	> 80%
语句	> 80%

Coverage Reports

覆盖率报告

bash

undefined

bash

undefined

Jest

npm test -- --coverage

Python (pytest-cov)

pytest --cov=src --cov-report=html

Go

go test -coverprofile=coverage.out go tool cover -html=coverage.out

undefined

go test -coverprofile=coverage.out go tool cover -html=coverage.out

undefined

Testing Best Practices

测试最佳实践

DO's

建议事项

Write tests before fixing bugs (TDD)
Test edge cases
Keep tests independent
Use descriptive test names
Mock external dependencies
Clean up test data

修复Bug前先编写测试（TDD）
测试边缘情况
保持测试独立性
使用描述性的测试名称
模拟外部依赖
清理测试数据

DON'Ts

禁忌事项

Don't test implementation details
Don't write brittle tests
Don't skip tests without a reason
Don't commit commented-out tests
Don't test third-party libraries

不要测试实现细节
不要编写脆弱的测试
无正当理由不要跳过测试
不要提交被注释掉的测试
不要测试第三方库

Test Naming Conventions

测试命名规范

typescript

// Good: Describes what is being tested
it('should reject invalid email addresses')

// Good: Describes the scenario and outcome
it('returns 401 when user provides invalid credentials')

// Bad: Vague
it('works correctly')

typescript

// Good: Describes what is being tested
it('should reject invalid email addresses')

// Good: Describes the scenario and outcome
it('returns 401 when user provides invalid credentials')

// Bad: Vague
it('works correctly')

Common Testing Frameworks

常用测试框架

Language	Framework	Command
TypeScript/JS	Jest, Vitest	`npm test`
Python	pytest	`pytest`
Go	testing	`go test`
Java	JUnit	`mvn test`
Rust	built-in	`cargo test`

语言	框架	命令
TypeScript/JS	Jest, Vitest	`npm test`
Python	pytest	`pytest`
Go	testing	`go test`
Java	JUnit	`mvn test`
Rust	内置测试框架	`cargo test`

Scripts

脚本工具

Generate test boilerplate:

bash

python scripts/generate_test.py <filename>

Check test coverage:

bash

python scripts/coverage_report.py

生成测试模板：

bash

python scripts/generate_test.py <filename>

检查测试覆盖率：

bash

python scripts/coverage_report.py

References

参考资料

```
references/best-practices.md
```
- Testing best practices
```
references/examples/
```
- Framework-specific examples
```
references/mocking.md
```
- Mocking guidelines

```
references/best-practices.md
```
- 测试最佳实践
```
references/examples/
```
- 框架专属示例
```
references/mocking.md
```
- 模拟指南