Back to Details

action-description

Compare original and translation side by side

🇺🇸

Original

English
🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Action & Description Skill

动作与描述写作技能

Invocation Triggers

触发场景

Apply this skill when:
  • Writing scene descriptions
  • Crafting action sequences
  • Describing visual storytelling
  • Formatting action paragraphs
适用此技能的场景：
  • 撰写场景描述
  • 创作动作序列
  • 描述视觉叙事
  • 编排动作段落

Action Format Fundamentals

动作格式基础

Basic Rules

基本规则

  1. Present tense: Always "walks" not "walked"
  2. Active voice: "John opens the door" not "The door is opened"
  3. Third person: Describing what camera sees
  4. Visual: Only what can be filmed
  1. 现在时：始终用“walks”而非“walked”（注：中文剧本中统一使用现在时表述动作）
  2. 主动语态：用“John opens the door”而非“The door is opened”（对应中文：“约翰打开门”而非“门被约翰打开”）
  3. 第三人称：描述镜头所呈现的内容
  4. 视觉化：仅包含可被拍摄的内容

Paragraph Structure

段落结构

fountain
INT. WAREHOUSE - NIGHT

A single bulb swings overhead. Shadows dance on concrete walls.

SARAH creeps forward, gun raised. Her breath mists in the cold.

A SOUND. She freezes.
  • Short paragraphs (2-4 lines)
  • New paragraph for new beat
  • White space suggests pacing/cuts
fountain
INT. 仓库 - 夜晚

头顶上，一盏孤灯摇晃着。阴影在水泥墙上舞动。

SARAH举着枪，悄悄向前挪去。她的呼吸在冷空气中凝成白雾。

一声响动。她僵住了。
  • 短段落（2-4行）
  • 每个新节拍对应新段落
  • 留白暗示节奏与镜头切换

Visual Writing Principles

视觉化写作原则

Show, Don't Tell

用画面呈现，而非直白叙述

Wrong:
fountain
Sarah feels nervous about entering the room.
Right:
fountain
Sarah hesitates at the threshold. Her hand trembles on the doorframe.
错误示例：
fountain
Sarah对走进房间感到紧张。
正确示例：
fountain
Sarah在门口犹豫着。她扶着门框的手在颤抖。

Filmable Only

仅保留可拍摄内容

Wrong:
fountain
John thinks about his ex-wife and wonders if he made the right choice.
Right:
fountain
John stares at a photograph. His jaw tightens. He turns it face-down.
错误示例：
fountain
John想起了他的前妻，不知道自己当初的选择是否正确。
正确示例：
fountain
John盯着一张照片。他的下巴紧绷起来。把照片翻了过去。

Economy of Words

用词精简

Wrong:
fountain
Sarah is a woman in her thirties with brown hair and she walks across
the room very slowly and deliberately, her high heels clicking on the
hardwood floor as she makes her way to the window where she looks out
at the city lights below, thinking about everything that has happened.
Right:
fountain
SARAH (30s, sharp) crosses to the window. The city glitters below.
错误示例：
fountain
Sarah是一个三十多岁的棕发女人，她非常缓慢而刻意地穿过房间，高跟鞋在硬木地板上发出咔哒声，她走向窗户，望着下面的城市灯光，思考着发生过的一切。
正确示例：
fountain
SARAH（30多岁，干练）走到窗边。下方的城市灯火璀璨。

Capitalization Conventions

大写规则

What to CAPITALIZE (First Appearance Only)

需要大写的内容（仅首次出现时）

  • CHARACTER NAMES on first introduction
  • Critical SOUND EFFECTS
  • Important PROPS
  • Key VISUAL ELEMENTS
fountain
INT. APARTMENT - DAY

SARAH CHEN (30s) enters. She drops her KEYS on the counter.

A PHONE RINGS. She ignores it.

On the table: A GUN. She stares at it.
  • 首次登场的角色姓名
  • 关键音效
  • 重要道具
  • 核心视觉元素
fountain
INT. 公寓 - 白天

SARAH CHEN（30多岁）走进来。她把钥匙扔在柜台上。

电话铃响了。她没有理会。

桌上放着一把枪。她盯着它。

Don't Over-Capitalize

避免过度大写

Only capitalize what's truly significant. Not every sound or prop needs emphasis.
仅对真正重要的内容大写，无需强调每个音效或道具。

Action Sequence Pacing

动作序列节奏

Fast Pacing (Action)

快节奏（动作戏）

Short sentences. Short paragraphs. Lots of white space.
fountain
Sarah runs.

GUNSHOTS behind her.

She dives behind a car. Glass SHATTERS above her head.

Returns fire. Two shots.

Silence.
短句、短段落、大量留白。
fountain
Sarah奔跑着。

身后传来枪声。

她扑到一辆车后。头顶的玻璃碎裂开来。

开枪还击。两枪。

寂静。

Slow Pacing (Dramatic)

慢节奏（戏剧场景）

Longer sentences. More description. Fewer line breaks.
fountain
Sarah stands at the window. The rain traces patterns on the glass,
distorting the city lights into abstract impressions.

She presses her palm against the cold surface. Breathes.

Behind her, the apartment is dark. Still.
长句、更多描述、更少换行。
fountain
Sarah站在窗边。雨水在玻璃上划出纹路，将城市灯光扭曲成抽象的光斑。

她把手掌贴在冰冷的玻璃上。深呼吸。

她身后的公寓一片漆黑，寂静无声。

Camera and Direction

镜头与导演指令

The Golden Rule

黄金准则

Avoid camera directions in spec scripts.
Wrong:
fountain
CAMERA PANS across the room to reveal John.
CLOSE-UP on the photograph.
WE SEE Sarah through the window.
Right:
fountain
John sits in the corner, unnoticed.
The photograph: a family at the beach. Happier times.
Through the window: Sarah, alone.
在spec剧本中避免加入镜头指令。
错误示例：
fountain
镜头扫过房间，露出John的身影。
特写照片。
我们透过窗户看到Sarah。
正确示例：
fountain
John坐在角落里，无人注意。
照片上是一家人在海滩上的样子，那是更快乐的时光。
窗外，Sarah独自一人。

Acceptable Exceptions

可接受的例外情况

Minimal, when the shot is the story:
fountain
ANGLE ON: The bomb. 00:03... 00:02... 00:01...
仅当镜头本身是故事核心时，可少量使用：
fountain
镜头对准：炸弹。00:03... 00:02... 00:01...

Common Action Patterns

常见动作模式

Character Entrance

角色登场

fountain
The door opens. JOHN MARCUS (40s, worn suit, wary eyes) enters.
He scans the room before committing to it.
fountain
门开了。JOHN MARCUS（40多岁，穿着破旧西装，眼神警惕）走进来。
他扫视了一圈房间，才完全踏入。

Environmental Description

环境描述

fountain
INT. ABANDONED FACTORY - NIGHT

Rust and shadows. Broken windows let in slants of moonlight.
Somewhere, water DRIPS.
fountain
INT. 废弃工厂 - 夜晚

铁锈与阴影交织。破碎的窗户透进几缕月光。
某处传来滴水声。

Reaction Without Dialogue

无台词反应

fountain
Sarah reads the letter.

Her face changes. Something breaks behind her eyes.

She sets the letter down. Walks to the window. Doesn't speak.
fountain
Sarah读着信。

她的脸色变了。眼底的某种东西破碎了。

她放下信。走到窗边。一言不发。

Simultaneous Action

同步动作

fountain
INTERCUT:

Sarah sprints down the hallway—
John breaks through the window—
The timer hits 00:05—

They COLLIDE at the door.
fountain
交叉剪辑：

Sarah沿着走廊狂奔——
John破窗而出——
计时器跳到00:05——

他们在门口撞在一起。

Transitions and Pacing

转场与节奏

Scene Endings

场景结尾

End on strong images or moments:
fountain
Sarah looks at the gun. Reaches for it.

                              CUT TO:
以有力的画面或瞬间收尾：
fountain
Sarah看着那把枪。伸手去拿。

                              切至：

Time Passage

时间过渡

fountain
EXT. CITY - NIGHT (LATER)

The streets are empty now. A single car passes.
fountain
EXT. 城市 - 夜晚（稍后）

街道空无一人。一辆车驶过。

Montage Format

蒙太奇格式

fountain
.MONTAGE - SARAH'S INVESTIGATION

- Library: Sarah searches through newspapers
- Street: Sarah photographs a building
- Bar: Sarah interviews an OLD MAN
- Home: Sarah pins photos to a board, steps back

.END MONTAGE
fountain
.蒙太奇 - SARAH的调查

- 图书馆：Sarah翻阅报纸
- 街头：Sarah拍摄一栋建筑
- 酒吧：Sarah采访一位老人
- 家中：Sarah把照片钉在板上，后退一步

.结束蒙太奇

Things to Avoid

避坑指南

Common Mistakes

常见错误

  1. "We see" - Remove. It's implied.
  2. "begins to" - Just do the action.
  3. Passive voice - Use active.
  4. Camera directions - Avoid in specs.
  5. Internal thoughts - Make external.
  6. Purple prose - Keep it lean.
  1. "我们看到" - 删除，这是默认的。
  2. "开始" - 直接描述动作即可。
  3. 被动语态 - 使用主动语态。
  4. 镜头指令 - 在spec剧本中避免使用。
  5. 内心想法 - 转化为外在表现。
  6. 华丽辞藻 - 保持简洁。

Before and After

前后对比

fountain
// Wrong
We see Sarah as she begins to slowly walk across the room
toward the window where she will look out at the view.

// Right
Sarah crosses to the window. She looks out.
fountain
// 错误示例
我们看到Sarah开始慢慢穿过房间走向窗户，她将望向窗外的景色。

// 正确示例
Sarah走到窗边。向外望去。

Validation Checklist

验证清单

  • Present tense throughout
  • Active voice used
  • Only filmable content
  • Short paragraphs (2-4 lines)
  • Key elements capitalized appropriately
  • No camera directions (spec script)
  • Strong visual imagery
  • Economy of language
  • 全程使用现在时
  • 使用主动语态
  • 仅包含可拍摄内容
  • 短段落（2-4行）
  • 关键元素适当大写
  • spec剧本中无镜头指令
  • 强烈的视觉意象
  • 语言精简