linux-administration

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Original

English

🇨🇳

Translation

Chinese

Linux Administration

Linux 系统管理

Core Linux system administration skills.

Linux系统管理核心技能。

Package Management

软件包管理

bash

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bash

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Debian/Ubuntu

apt update && apt upgrade -y apt install nginx apt remove nginx apt autoremove

RHEL/CentOS

dnf update dnf install nginx dnf remove nginx

undefined

dnf update dnf install nginx dnf remove nginx

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System Information

系统信息

bash

uname -a           # Kernel info
hostnamectl        # System info
lscpu              # CPU info
free -h            # Memory usage
df -h              # Disk usage
ip addr            # Network interfaces

bash

uname -a           # 内核信息
hostnamectl        # 系统信息
lscpu              # CPU信息
free -h            # 内存使用情况
df -h              # 磁盘使用情况
ip addr            # 网络接口

Log Management

日志管理

bash

journalctl -u nginx          # Service logs
journalctl -f                # Follow logs
tail -f /var/log/syslog      # System logs
dmesg                        # Kernel messages

bash

journalctl -u nginx          # 服务日志
journalctl -f                # 实时跟踪日志
tail -f /var/log/syslog      # 系统日志
dmesg                        # 内核消息

Process Management

进程管理

bash

ps aux | grep nginx
top / htop
kill -9 <pid>
pgrep nginx
pkill nginx

bash

ps aux | grep nginx
top / htop
kill -9 <pid>
pgrep nginx
pkill nginx

Best Practices

最佳实践

Regular updates
Minimal installed packages
Proper file permissions
Log rotation configuration
Automated backups

定期更新
最小化已安装软件包
正确设置文件权限
配置日志轮转
自动化备份