seo-schema-structured-data

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Schema.org Structured Data & JSON-LD

Schema.org结构化数据与JSON-LD

JSON-LD Fundamentals

JSON-LD基础

JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is Google's recommended format for structured data. It is injected via a

<script>

tag in the

<head>

<body>

of an HTML page.

JSON-LD（JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data）是Google推荐的结构化数据格式。它通过HTML页面的

<head>

或

<body>

中的

<script>

标签注入。

Basic Syntax

基本语法

html

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Article",
  "headline": "How to Implement Structured Data",
  "author": {
    "@type": "Person",
    "name": "Jane Smith"
  }
}
</script>

html

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Article",
  "headline": "How to Implement Structured Data",
  "author": {
    "@type": "Person",
    "name": "Jane Smith"
  }
}
</script>

Core Keywords

核心关键字

Keyword	Purpose	Example
`@context`	Declares the vocabulary (always `https://schema.org` )	`"@context": "https://schema.org"`
`@type`	Specifies the entity type	`"@type": "Article"`
`@id`	Unique identifier for an entity (enables cross-referencing)	`"@id": "https://example.com/#organization"`
`@graph`	Contains multiple entities in a single JSON-LD block	`"@graph": [{ ... }, { ... }]`

关键字	用途	示例
`@context`	声明词汇表（固定为 `https://schema.org` ）	`"@context": "https://schema.org"`
`@type`	指定实体类型	`"@type": "Article"`
`@id`	实体的唯一标识符（支持交叉引用）	`"@id": "https://example.com/#organization"`
`@graph`	在单个JSON-LD块中包含多个实体	`"@graph": [{ ... }, { ... }]`

Nesting Entities

实体嵌套

Entities can be nested directly or referenced by

@id

json

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Article",
  "author": {
    "@type": "Person",
    "name": "Jane Smith",
    "@id": "https://example.com/#jane"
  },
  "publisher": {
    "@id": "https://example.com/#organization"
  }
}

实体可以直接嵌套，也可以通过

@id

引用：

json

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Article",
  "author": {
    "@type": "Person",
    "name": "Jane Smith",
    "@id": "https://example.com/#jane"
  },
  "publisher": {
    "@id": "https://example.com/#organization"
  }
}

Arrays

数组

Use arrays when a property has multiple values:

json

{
  "@type": "Article",
  "author": [
    { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jane Smith" },
    { "@type": "Person", "name": "John Doe" }
  ]
}

当属性有多个值时使用数组：

json

{
  "@type": "Article",
  "author": [
    { "@type": "Person", "name": "Jane Smith" },
    { "@type": "Person", "name": "John Doe" }
  ]
}

The @graph Pattern (Multi-Entity Pages)

@graph模式（多实体页面）

Use

@graph

to describe multiple entities on a single page (e.g., Organization + WebPage + BreadcrumbList):

json

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "@id": "https://example.com/#organization",
      "name": "Example Corp",
      "url": "https://example.com"
    },
    {
      "@type": "WebPage",
      "@id": "https://example.com/about/#webpage",
      "url": "https://example.com/about/",
      "name": "About Us",
      "isPartOf": { "@id": "https://example.com/#website" }
    },
    {
      "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
      "itemListElement": [
        { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://example.com/" },
        { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "About" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

使用

@graph

描述单个页面上的多个实体（例如Organization + WebPage + BreadcrumbList）：

json

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "@id": "https://example.com/#organization",
      "name": "Example Corp",
      "url": "https://example.com"
    },
    {
      "@type": "WebPage",
      "@id": "https://example.com/about/#webpage",
      "url": "https://example.com/about/",
      "name": "About Us",
      "isPartOf": { "@id": "https://example.com/#website" }
    },
    {
      "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
      "itemListElement": [
        { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://example.com/" },
        { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "About" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Google-Supported Schema Types

Google支持的Schema类型

The following types are recognized by Google and can trigger rich results. Each section lists required (R) and recommended (Rec) properties.

以下类型被Google识别，可触发富结果。每个部分列出了必填（R）和推荐（Rec）属性。

Article (NewsArticle, BlogPosting)

Article（NewsArticle、BlogPosting）

Triggers: article rich result with headline, image, date in search.

Property	Status	Notes
`headline`	R	Max 110 characters
`image`	R	At least 696px wide; multiple images recommended
`datePublished`	R	ISO 8601 format
`dateModified`	Rec	ISO 8601 format
`author`	R	Person or Organization with `name` and `url`
`publisher`	Rec	Organization with `name` and `logo`
`description`	Rec	Short summary of the article
`mainEntityOfPage`	Rec	URL of the page

MCP Tool: Use

extract_schema

on any article URL to see its current structured data, then

generate_schema

with type

Article

to produce compliant markup.

触发效果：搜索结果中显示包含标题、图片、日期的文章富结果。

属性	状态	说明
`headline`	必填	最多110个字符
`image`	必填	宽度至少696px；推荐使用多张图片
`datePublished`	必填	ISO 8601格式
`dateModified`	推荐	ISO 8601格式
`author`	必填	包含 `name` 和 `url` 的Person或Organization
`publisher`	推荐	包含 `name` 和 `logo` 的Organization
`description`	推荐	文章简短摘要
`mainEntityOfPage`	推荐	页面URL

MCP工具： 对任意文章URL使用

extract_schema

查看其当前的结构化数据，然后使用

generate_schema

并指定类型

Article

生成合规的标记。

Product (with Offer, AggregateRating)

Product（含Offer、AggregateRating）

Triggers: product rich result with price, availability, rating stars.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Product name
`image`	R	At least one image
`description`	Rec	Product description
`sku`	Rec	Stock-keeping unit
`brand`	Rec	Brand name
`offers`	R	Offer or AggregateOffer
`offers.price`	R	Numeric price
`offers.priceCurrency`	R	ISO 4217 currency code
`offers.availability`	R	ItemAvailability enum (e.g., `https://schema.org/InStock` )
`offers.url`	Rec	URL to buy
`aggregateRating`	Rec	AggregateRating with `ratingValue` and `reviewCount`
`review`	Rec	Individual Review objects

Nesting pattern:

AggregateRating

and

Offer

nest inside

Product

json

{
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Widget",
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "price": "29.99",
    "priceCurrency": "USD",
    "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
  },
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "4.5",
    "reviewCount": "120"
  }
}

触发效果：搜索结果中显示包含价格、库存状态、评分星级的产品富结果。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	产品名称
`image`	必填	至少一张图片
`description`	推荐	产品描述
`sku`	推荐	库存单位编号
`brand`	推荐	品牌名称
`offers`	必填	Offer或AggregateOffer
`offers.price`	必填	数字格式价格
`offers.priceCurrency`	必填	ISO 4217货币代码
`offers.availability`	必填	ItemAvailability枚举值（例如 `https://schema.org/InStock` ）
`offers.url`	推荐	购买链接URL
`aggregateRating`	推荐	包含 `ratingValue` 和 `reviewCount` 的AggregateRating
`review`	推荐	单个Review对象

嵌套模式：

AggregateRating

和

Offer

嵌套在

Product

中：

json

{
  "@type": "Product",
  "name": "Widget",
  "offers": {
    "@type": "Offer",
    "price": "29.99",
    "priceCurrency": "USD",
    "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock"
  },
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "4.5",
    "reviewCount": "120"
  }
}

FAQPage (with Question / Answer)

FAQPage（含Question / Answer）

Triggers: expandable FAQ accordion in search results.

Property	Status	Notes
`mainEntity`	R	Array of Question objects
`Question.name`	R	The question text
`Question.acceptedAnswer`	R	Answer object
`Answer.text`	R	The answer text (HTML allowed)

Rules:

Only use FAQPage for pages where the primary content is a list of questions and answers.
Each question and answer must be visible on the page.
Do not use for forums or single-question pages (use QAPage instead).

触发效果：搜索结果中显示可展开的FAQ折叠面板。

属性	状态	说明
`mainEntity`	必填	Question对象数组
`Question.name`	必填	问题文本
`Question.acceptedAnswer`	必填	Answer对象
`Answer.text`	必填	答案文本（支持HTML）

规则：

仅当页面主要内容为问答列表时使用FAQPage。
每个问题和答案必须在页面上可见。
论坛或单个问题页面请勿使用（请改用QAPage）。

HowTo (with HowToStep)

HowTo（含HowToStep）

Triggers: step-by-step rich result or carousel.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Title of the how-to
`step`	R	Array of HowToStep objects
`step.name`	R	Step title
`step.text`	R	Step instructions
`step.image`	Rec	Image for each step
`step.url`	Rec	URL anchor to step on page
`totalTime`	Rec	ISO 8601 duration (e.g., `PT30M` )
`estimatedCost`	Rec	MonetaryAmount object
`supply`	Rec	HowToSupply items needed
`tool`	Rec	HowToTool items needed

触发效果：搜索结果中显示分步富结果或轮播图。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	教程标题
`step`	必填	HowToStep对象数组
`step.name`	必填	步骤标题
`step.text`	必填	步骤说明
`step.image`	推荐	每个步骤的图片
`step.url`	推荐	页面中步骤的锚点URL
`totalTime`	推荐	ISO 8601时长格式（例如 `PT30M` ）
`estimatedCost`	推荐	MonetaryAmount对象
`supply`	推荐	所需的HowToSupply物品
`tool`	推荐	所需的HowToTool工具

LocalBusiness (and Subtypes)

LocalBusiness（及子类型）

Triggers: local knowledge panel, map pack eligibility data.

Subtypes:

Restaurant

Dentist

LegalService

RealEstateAgent

MedicalBusiness

, etc.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Business name
`address`	R	PostalAddress object
`telephone`	Rec	Phone number
`openingHoursSpecification`	Rec	Array of hours
`geo`	Rec	GeoCoordinates (lat/long)
`url`	Rec	Website URL
`image`	Rec	Business photo
`priceRange`	Rec	e.g., `$$` or `$10-50`
`servesCuisine`	Rec	For Restaurant subtype
`aggregateRating`	Rec	AggregateRating
`review`	Rec	Review objects

触发效果：本地知识面板、地图包资格数据。

子类型：

Restaurant

、

Dentist

、

LegalService

、

RealEstateAgent

、

MedicalBusiness

等。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	商家名称
`address`	必填	PostalAddress对象
`telephone`	推荐	电话号码
`openingHoursSpecification`	推荐	营业时间数组
`geo`	推荐	GeoCoordinates（纬度/经度）
`url`	推荐	商家网站URL
`image`	推荐	商家照片
`priceRange`	推荐	例如 `$$` 或 `$10-50`
`servesCuisine`	推荐	适用于Restaurant子类型
`aggregateRating`	推荐	AggregateRating
`review`	推荐	Review对象

Organization

Triggers: knowledge panel data, logo in search results.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Organization name
`url`	R	Website URL
`logo`	R	ImageObject or URL (min 112x112px, square preferred)
`sameAs`	Rec	Array of social profile URLs
`contactPoint`	Rec	ContactPoint object
`address`	Rec	PostalAddress
`description`	Rec	Short description
`foundingDate`	Rec	ISO 8601 date

触发效果：知识面板数据、搜索结果中的Logo。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	组织名称
`url`	必填	网站URL
`logo`	必填	ImageObject或URL（最小112x112px，推荐正方形）
`sameAs`	推荐	社交资料URL数组
`contactPoint`	推荐	ContactPoint对象
`address`	推荐	PostalAddress
`description`	推荐	简短描述
`foundingDate`	推荐	ISO 8601格式日期

BreadcrumbList

Triggers: breadcrumb trail in search results replacing the URL.

Property	Status	Notes
`itemListElement`	R	Array of ListItem objects
`ListItem.position`	R	Integer (1-indexed)
`ListItem.name`	R	Breadcrumb label
`ListItem.item`	R*	URL (*omit on last item)

触发效果：搜索结果中显示面包屑导航，替代URL。

属性	状态	说明
`itemListElement`	必填	ListItem对象数组
`ListItem.position`	必填	整数（从1开始索引）
`ListItem.name`	必填	面包屑标签
`ListItem.item`	必填*	URL（*最后一项可省略）

WebSite (with SearchAction for Sitelinks Search Box)

WebSite（含SearchAction以实现站点链接搜索框）

Triggers: sitelinks search box on branded queries.

Property	Status	Notes
`url`	R	Homepage URL
`name`	Rec	Site name
`potentialAction`	R	SearchAction object
`SearchAction.target`	R	URL template with `{search_term_string}`
`SearchAction.query-input`	R	`"required name=search_term_string"`

json

{
  "@type": "WebSite",
  "url": "https://example.com/",
  "potentialAction": {
    "@type": "SearchAction",
    "target": "https://example.com/search?q={search_term_string}",
    "query-input": "required name=search_term_string"
  }
}

触发效果：品牌查询时显示站点链接搜索框。

属性	状态	说明
`url`	必填	首页URL
`name`	推荐	站点名称
`potentialAction`	必填	SearchAction对象
`SearchAction.target`	必填	包含 `{search_term_string}` 的URL模板
`SearchAction.query-input`	必填	`"required name=search_term_string"`

json

{
  "@type": "WebSite",
  "url": "https://example.com/",
  "potentialAction": {
    "@type": "SearchAction",
    "target": "https://example.com/search?q={search_term_string}",
    "query-input": "required name=search_term_string"
  }
}

Event

Triggers: event rich result with date, location, ticket info.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Event name
`startDate`	R	ISO 8601 datetime
`location`	R	Place or VirtualLocation
`location.name`	R	Venue name
`location.address`	R	PostalAddress
`endDate`	Rec	ISO 8601 datetime
`description`	Rec	Event description
`image`	Rec	Event image
`offers`	Rec	Offer with price/url/availability
`performer`	Rec	Person or Organization
`organizer`	Rec	Person or Organization
`eventStatus`	Rec	EventScheduled, EventCancelled, EventPostponed, etc.
`eventAttendanceMode`	Rec	OfflineEventAttendanceMode, OnlineEventAttendanceMode, MixedEventAttendanceMode

触发效果：搜索结果中显示包含日期、地点、票务信息的活动富结果。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	活动名称
`startDate`	必填	ISO 8601日期时间格式
`location`	必填	Place或VirtualLocation
`location.name`	必填	场馆名称
`location.address`	必填	PostalAddress
`endDate`	推荐	ISO 8601日期时间格式
`description`	推荐	活动描述
`image`	推荐	活动图片
`offers`	推荐	包含价格/URL/库存状态的Offer
`performer`	推荐	Person或Organization
`organizer`	推荐	Person或Organization
`eventStatus`	推荐	EventScheduled、EventCancelled、EventPostponed等
`eventAttendanceMode`	推荐	OfflineEventAttendanceMode、OnlineEventAttendanceMode、MixedEventAttendanceMode

Recipe

Triggers: recipe rich result with image, rating, cook time.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Recipe name
`image`	R	Multiple images at different aspect ratios
`author`	R	Person or Organization
`datePublished`	Rec	ISO 8601
`description`	Rec	Short description
`prepTime`	Rec	ISO 8601 duration
`cookTime`	Rec	ISO 8601 duration
`totalTime`	Rec	ISO 8601 duration
`recipeYield`	Rec	e.g., `"4 servings"`
`recipeIngredient`	Rec	Array of strings
`recipeInstructions`	R	Array of HowToStep objects
`nutrition`	Rec	NutritionInformation (calories)
`aggregateRating`	Rec	AggregateRating
`video`	Rec	VideoObject

触发效果：搜索结果中显示包含图片、评分、烹饪时间的食谱富结果。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	食谱名称
`image`	必填	不同宽高比的多张图片
`author`	必填	Person或Organization
`datePublished`	推荐	ISO 8601格式
`description`	推荐	简短描述
`prepTime`	推荐	ISO 8601时长格式
`cookTime`	推荐	ISO 8601时长格式
`totalTime`	推荐	ISO 8601时长格式
`recipeYield`	推荐	例如 `"4 servings"`
`recipeIngredient`	推荐	字符串数组
`recipeInstructions`	必填	HowToStep对象数组
`nutrition`	推荐	NutritionInformation（卡路里）
`aggregateRating`	推荐	AggregateRating
`video`	推荐	VideoObject

VideoObject

Triggers: video rich result with thumbnail, duration, upload date.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Video title
`description`	R	Video description
`thumbnailUrl`	R	Thumbnail image URL
`uploadDate`	R	ISO 8601 date
`contentUrl`	Rec	Direct URL to video file
`embedUrl`	Rec	Embed URL
`duration`	Rec	ISO 8601 duration
`interactionStatistic`	Rec	View count

触发效果：搜索结果中显示包含缩略图、时长、上传日期的视频富结果。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	视频标题
`description`	必填	视频描述
`thumbnailUrl`	必填	缩略图URL
`uploadDate`	必填	ISO 8601格式日期
`contentUrl`	推荐	视频文件直接URL
`embedUrl`	推荐	嵌入URL
`duration`	推荐	ISO 8601时长格式
`interactionStatistic`	推荐	观看次数

Course

Triggers: course rich result in search and Google for Education.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	Course title
`description`	R	Course description
`provider`	R	Organization offering the course
`offers`	Rec	Offer with price
`courseCode`	Rec	Identifier
`hasCourseInstance`	Rec	CourseInstance with schedule

触发效果：搜索结果和Google for Education中显示课程富结果。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	课程标题
`description`	必填	课程描述
`provider`	必填	提供课程的Organization
`offers`	推荐	包含价格的Offer
`courseCode`	推荐	课程编号
`hasCourseInstance`	推荐	包含课程安排的CourseInstance

SoftwareApplication

Triggers: software rich result with rating, price, OS.

Property	Status	Notes
`name`	R	App name
`operatingSystem`	Rec	e.g., `"Windows 10"` , `"Android"`
`applicationCategory`	Rec	e.g., `"GameApplication"` , `"BusinessApplication"`
`offers`	R	Offer with price (use `"0"` for free)
`aggregateRating`	Rec	AggregateRating
`review`	Rec	Review objects

触发效果：搜索结果中显示包含评分、价格、操作系统的软件富结果。

属性	状态	说明
`name`	必填	应用名称
`operatingSystem`	推荐	例如 `"Windows 10"` 、 `"Android"`
`applicationCategory`	推荐	例如 `"GameApplication"` 、 `"BusinessApplication"`
`offers`	必填	包含价格的Offer（免费应用填 `"0"` ）
`aggregateRating`	推荐	AggregateRating
`review`	推荐	Review对象

Review

Triggers: review snippet with star rating.

Property	Status	Notes
`itemReviewed`	R	The entity being reviewed (Product, LocalBusiness, etc.)
`author`	R	Person who wrote the review
`reviewRating`	R	Rating object with `ratingValue`
`reviewRating.bestRating`	Rec	Maximum rating value
`reviewRating.worstRating`	Rec	Minimum rating value
`datePublished`	Rec	ISO 8601 date
`reviewBody`	Rec	Full text of the review

触发效果：搜索结果中显示带星级评分的评论摘要。

属性	状态	说明
`itemReviewed`	必填	被评论的实体（Product、LocalBusiness等）
`author`	必填	撰写评论的Person
`reviewRating`	必填	包含 `ratingValue` 的Rating对象
`reviewRating.bestRating`	推荐	最高评分值
`reviewRating.worstRating`	推荐	最低评分值
`datePublished`	推荐	ISO 8601格式日期
`reviewBody`	推荐	评论全文

Dynamic Schema Generation Patterns

动态Schema生成模式

When building pages programmatically, generate schema from your data models:

在程序化构建页面时，从数据模型生成Schema：

Server-Side Rendering (Next.js example)

服务端渲染（Next.js示例）

jsx

export default function ProductPage({ product }) {
  const schema = {
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Product",
    "name": product.title,
    "image": product.images,
    "description": product.description,
    "sku": product.sku,
    "brand": { "@type": "Brand", "name": product.brand },
    "offers": {
      "@type": "Offer",
      "price": product.price,
      "priceCurrency": "USD",
      "availability": product.inStock
        ? "https://schema.org/InStock"
        : "https://schema.org/OutOfStock"
    }
  };

  return (
    <>
      <script
        type="application/ld+json"
        dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: JSON.stringify(schema) }}
      />
      {/* Page content */}
    </>
  );
}

jsx

export default function ProductPage({ product }) {
  const schema = {
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "Product",
    "name": product.title,
    "image": product.images,
    "description": product.description,
    "sku": product.sku,
    "brand": { "@type": "Brand", "name": product.brand },
    "offers": {
      "@type": "Offer",
      "price": product.price,
      "priceCurrency": "USD",
      "availability": product.inStock
        ? "https://schema.org/InStock"
        : "https://schema.org/OutOfStock"
    }
  };

  return (
    <>
      <script
        type="application/ld+json"
        dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: JSON.stringify(schema) }}
      />
      {/* Page content */}
    </>
  );
}

CMS Integration Pattern

CMS集成模式

For WordPress, Shopify, or headless CMS:

Map CMS fields to schema properties in a template or plugin.
Ensure price, availability, and rating data are pulled from the live data source.
Use conditional logic to only output properties that have values.

适用于WordPress、Shopify或无头CMS：

在模板或插件中将CMS字段映射到Schema属性。
确保价格、库存状态和评分数据从实时数据源获取。
使用条件逻辑仅输出有值的属性。

Validation Approach

验证方法

Step 1: Rich Results Test (Google)

步骤1：富结果测试（Google）

URL: https://search.google.com/test/rich-results
Tests if your markup qualifies for rich results.
Reports errors and warnings per schema type.

URL：https://search.google.com/test/rich-results
测试标记是否符合富结果要求。
按Schema类型报告错误和警告。

Step 2: Schema Markup Validator (Schema.org)

步骤2：Schema标记验证器（Schema.org）

URL: https://validator.schema.org/
Validates against the full Schema.org vocabulary (broader than Google).

URL：https://validator.schema.org/
针对完整的Schema.org词汇表进行验证（范围比Google更广）。

Step 3: Google Search Console

步骤3：Google搜索控制台

Check Enhancements section for structured data reports.
Monitor errors, warnings, and valid item counts.
Review indexing of pages with structured data.

MCP Tool: Use

extract_schema

on any URL to pull all JSON-LD, Microdata, and RDFa. Use

generate_schema

with a target type to produce valid markup from page content.

查看增强功能部分的结构化数据报告。
监控错误、警告和有效条目数量。
检查带有结构化数据的页面的索引情况。

MCP工具： 对任意URL使用

extract_schema

提取所有JSON-LD、Microdata和RDFa。使用

generate_schema

并指定目标类型，根据页面内容生成有效的标记。

Common Pitfalls

常见陷阱

Pitfall	Problem	Fix
Invisible content	Schema describes content not visible to users	Ensure every structured data property matches visible page content
Missing required fields	Google ignores incomplete markup	Always include all required properties per type
Wrong `@type`	Using a type Google does not support for rich results	Use only Google-documented types
Fake reviews	Schema includes fabricated ratings or reviews	Only mark up genuine, real user reviews
Outdated prices	Product schema shows old price	Dynamically generate schema from live data
Multiple conflicting types	Two Product schemas on one page with different data	Use one canonical schema per entity
Self-referencing issues	`@id` references that point nowhere	Ensure every `@id` reference has a matching definition
Incorrect date format	Using `MM/DD/YYYY` instead of ISO 8601	Always use `YYYY-MM-DD` or `YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS+00:00`
HTTP image URLs	Images referenced over HTTP not HTTPS	Use HTTPS URLs for all images
Spam policy violations	Marking up content solely for SEO manipulation	Follow Google's structured data spam policies

陷阱	问题	修复方案
不可见内容	Schema描述的内容对用户不可见	确保每个结构化数据属性都与页面上可见的内容匹配
缺少必填字段	Google会忽略不完整的标记	始终包含每种类型的所有必填属性
错误的 `@type`	使用Google不支持富结果的类型	仅使用Google文档中列出的类型
虚假评论	Schema包含伪造的评分或评论	仅标记真实的用户评论
价格过时	产品Schema显示旧价格	从实时数据源动态生成Schema
多个冲突类型	单个页面上有两个数据不同的Product Schema	每个实体仅使用一个标准Schema
自引用问题	`@id` 引用指向无效地址	�确保每个 `@id` 引用都有对应的定义
日期格式错误	使用 `MM/DD/YYYY` 而非ISO 8601格式	始终使用 `YYYY-MM-DD` 或 `YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS+00:00`
HTTP图片URL	图片使用HTTP而非HTTPS链接	所有图片均使用HTTPS URL
违反垃圾信息政策	仅为SEO操纵而标记内容	遵循Google的结构化数据垃圾信息政策

Related Skills

Key MCP Tools for Structured Data

结构化数据相关关键MCP工具

Tool	Use For
`extract_schema`	Extract existing structured data from any URL
`generate_schema`	Generate valid JSON-LD markup for a given page and type

See SCHEMA_TEMPLATES.md for ready-to-use JSON-LD templates. See VALIDATION_RULES.md for Google's validation requirements. See RICH_RESULTS_GUIDE.md for which types trigger which rich results.

工具	用途
`extract_schema`	从任意URL提取现有结构化数据
`generate_schema`	为指定页面和类型生成有效的JSON-LD标记

查看SCHEMA_TEMPLATES.md获取现成的JSON-LD模板。查看VALIDATION_RULES.md获取Google的验证要求。查看RICH_RESULTS_GUIDE.md了解哪些类型会触发哪些富结果。

seo-schema-structured-data

Original

Translation

Schema.org Structured Data & JSON-LD

Schema.org结构化数据与JSON-LD

JSON-LD Fundamentals

JSON-LD基础

Basic Syntax

基本语法

Core Keywords

核心关键字

Nesting Entities

实体嵌套

Arrays

数组

The @graph Pattern (Multi-Entity Pages)

@graph模式（多实体页面）

Google-Supported Schema Types

Google支持的Schema类型

Article (NewsArticle, BlogPosting)

Article（NewsArticle、BlogPosting）

Product (with Offer, AggregateRating)

Product（含Offer、AggregateRating）

FAQPage (with Question / Answer)

FAQPage（含Question / Answer）

HowTo (with HowToStep)

HowTo（含HowToStep）

LocalBusiness (and Subtypes)

LocalBusiness（及子类型）

Organization

Organization

BreadcrumbList

BreadcrumbList

WebSite (with SearchAction for Sitelinks Search Box)

WebSite（含SearchAction以实现站点链接搜索框）

Event

Event

Recipe

Recipe

VideoObject

VideoObject

Course

Course

SoftwareApplication

SoftwareApplication

Review

Review

Dynamic Schema Generation Patterns

动态Schema生成模式

Server-Side Rendering (Next.js example)

服务端渲染（Next.js示例）

CMS Integration Pattern

CMS集成模式

Validation Approach

验证方法

Step 1: Rich Results Test (Google)

步骤1：富结果测试（Google）

Step 2: Schema Markup Validator (Schema.org)

步骤2：Schema标记验证器（Schema.org）

Step 3: Google Search Console

步骤3：Google搜索控制台

Common Pitfalls

常见陷阱

Related Skills

相关技能

Key MCP Tools for Structured Data

结构化数据相关关键MCP工具