python-async

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Async Python Patterns

Python异步模式

asyncio and async/await patterns for Python applications.

适用于Python应用的asyncio与async/await模式。

Quick Start

快速开始

python

import asyncio

async def main():
    print("Hello")
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print("World")

asyncio.run(main())

python

import asyncio

async def main():
    print("Hello")
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print("World")

asyncio.run(main())

When To Use

适用场景

Building async web APIs (FastAPI, aiohttp)
Implementing concurrent I/O operations
Creating web scrapers with concurrent requests
Developing real-time applications (WebSockets)
Processing multiple independent tasks simultaneously
Building microservices with async communication

构建异步Web API（FastAPI、aiohttp）
实现并发I/O操作
开发支持并发请求的网络爬虫
开发实时应用（WebSockets）
同时处理多个独立任务
构建支持异步通信的微服务

When NOT To Use

不适用场景

CPU-bound optimization - use python-performance instead
Testing async code - use python-testing async module

CPU密集型优化——请改用python-performance
异步代码测试——请使用python-testing异步模块

Modules

模块

This skill uses progressive loading. Content is organized into focused modules:

See
```
modules/basic-patterns.md
```
- Core async/await, gather(), and task management
See
```
modules/concurrency-control.md
```
- Semaphores and locks for rate limiting
See
```
modules/error-handling-timeouts.md
```
- Error handling, timeouts, and cancellation
See
```
modules/advanced-patterns.md
```
- Context managers, iterators, producer-consumer
See
```
modules/testing-async.md
```
- Testing with pytest-asyncio
See
```
modules/real-world-applications.md
```
- Web scraping and database operations
See
```
modules/pitfalls-best-practices.md
```
- Common mistakes and best practices

Load specific modules based on your needs, or reference all for detailed guidance.

本技能采用渐进式加载，内容划分为多个聚焦的模块：

查看
```
modules/basic-patterns.md
```
——核心async/await、gather()及任务管理
查看
```
modules/concurrency-control.md
```
——用于限流的信号量与锁
查看
```
modules/error-handling-timeouts.md
```
——错误处理、超时与取消
查看
```
modules/advanced-patterns.md
```
——上下文管理器、迭代器、生产者-消费者模式
查看
```
modules/testing-async.md
```
——使用pytest-asyncio进行测试
查看
```
modules/real-world-applications.md
```
——网络爬虫与数据库操作
查看
```
modules/pitfalls-best-practices.md
```
——常见错误与最佳实践

可根据你的需求加载特定模块，或参考所有模块获取详细指引。

Exit Criteria

退出标准

Async patterns applied correctly
No blocking operations in async code
Proper error handling implemented
Rate limiting configured where needed
Tests pass with pytest-asyncio

正确应用异步模式
异步代码中无阻塞操作
实现了合适的错误处理
按需配置了限流规则
基于pytest-asyncio的测试全部通过

Troubleshooting

故障排除

Common Issues

常见问题

RuntimeError: no current event loop Use

asyncio.run()

as the entry point. Avoid

get_event_loop()

in Python 3.10+.

Blocking call in async context Move sync I/O to

asyncio.to_thread()

loop.run_in_executor()

Tests hang indefinitely Ensure pytest-asyncio is installed and test functions are decorated with

@pytest.mark.asyncio

RuntimeError: no current event loop 请使用

asyncio.run()

作为入口点。Python 3.10+版本中避免使用

get_event_loop()

。

异步上下文中存在阻塞调用 将同步I/O移至

asyncio.to_thread()

或

loop.run_in_executor()

中执行。

测试无限挂起 请确保已安装pytest-asyncio，且测试函数添加了

@pytest.mark.asyncio

装饰器。