rigging

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Translation

Chinese

Rigging

Functional rigs supporting intended motion. Clean deformation. Engine-compatible bone hierarchies.

支持预期动作的功能性 Rig。实现干净的变形。构建适用于引擎的 Bone Hierarchy。

When to Use

使用时机

Character/creature deformation rigs
Mechanical constraint rigs
Facial expression rigs
Prop rigs (doors, vehicles, weapons)
Before any animation work

角色或生物变形 Rig
基于 Constraints 的 Mechanical Rig
面部表情 Rig
道具 Rig（门、载具、武器）
任何动画工作之前

Workflow

工作流

Skeleton Design → Bone Placement → Hierarchy → Constraints/IK
    → Weight Painting → Deformation Test → Export Prep

Skeleton Design → Bone Placement → Hierarchy → Constraints/IK
    → Weight Painting → Deformation Test → Export Prep

Armature Naming

Armature 命名

Prefix:

ARM_[AssetName]

Bones:

[side]_[region]_[name]

— e.g.,

L_arm_upper

spine_01

jaw

前缀：

ARM_[AssetName]

骨骼：

[side]_[region]_[name]

——例如：

L_arm_upper

、

spine_01

、

jaw

Bone Hierarchy

ARM_Character
├── root
├── spine_01 → spine_02 → spine_03
│   ├── L_clavicle → L_arm_upper → L_arm_lower → L_hand
│   └── R_clavicle → R_arm_upper → R_arm_lower → R_hand
├── L_leg_upper → L_leg_lower → L_foot → L_toe
└── R_leg_upper → R_leg_lower → R_foot → R_toe

ARM_Character
├── root
├── spine_01 → spine_02 → spine_03
│   ├── L_clavicle → L_arm_upper → L_arm_lower → L_hand
│   └── R_clavicle → R_arm_upper → R_arm_lower → R_hand
├── L_leg_upper → L_leg_lower → L_foot → L_toe
└── R_leg_upper → R_leg_lower → R_foot → R_toe

IK vs FK

IK 与 FK

Use IK	Use FK
Legs (ground contact)	Spine (flexible arc)
Arms (hand placement)	Shoulder overlap
Feet planting	Finger detail
Mechanical reach	Whip/tail motion

Standard: IK legs, FK spine; switchable arms for game characters.

使用 IK	使用 FK
腿部（地面接触）	脊柱（灵活弧线）
手臂（手部定位）	肩部重叠
脚部固定	手指细节
机械结构伸展	鞭子或尾巴运动

标准方案：腿部使用 IK，脊柱使用 FK；游戏角色的手臂可切换。

Constraints

Constraint	Use
IK	Limb positioning
Copy Rotation	Mechanical sync
Limit Rotation	Joint ranges
Stretch To	Tentacles, pistons
Child Of	Weapon attach/detach
Shrinkwrap	Ground contact (use carefully)

Constraint	用途
IK	肢体定位
Copy Rotation	机械同步
Limit Rotation	关节活动范围
Stretch To	触手、活塞
Child Of	武器附加或分离
Shrinkwrap	地面接触（谨慎使用）

Weight Painting

1. Automatic weights as starting point only
2. Clean weights: normalize per vertex (max 4 influences)
3. Smooth problematic areas (shoulders, hips)
4. Test extreme poses: T-pose, arms up, crouch, jaw open
5. Gradient weights at joints — no hard 1.0/0.0 at bend center

1. Automatic weights as starting point only
2. Clean weights: normalize per vertex (max 4 influences)
3. Smooth problematic areas (shoulders, hips)
4. Test extreme poses: T-pose, arms up, crouch, jaw open
5. Gradient weights at joints — no hard 1.0/0.0 at bend center

Mechanical Rigs

Empty objects as control handles
Constraints instead of weight painting
Hinge limits match real joint ranges
Parent hierarchy mirrors mechanical assembly

使用 Empty 对象作为控制手柄
使用 Constraints，而不是 Weight Painting
Hinge Limits 应与真实关节活动范围一致
Parent Hierarchy 应映射机械装配结构

Facial Rigs

Approach	Use Case
Bone-based	Game characters
Shape keys	Cinematics, dialog
Hybrid	Hero game characters

Minimum game facial: jaw open, blink L/R, brow up/down.

方案	使用场景
Bone-based	游戏角色
Shape Keys	电影动画、对话场景
Hybrid	核心游戏角色

游戏角色面部 Rig 的最低要求：张嘴、左右眨眼、眉毛上扬和下压。

Drivers

Gear rotation sync
Auto eyelid blink
Weapon reload mechanism
Procedural antenna/wire motion

齿轮旋转同步
自动眼睑眨动
武器换弹机制
程序化天线或线缆运动

MCP Integration

MCP 集成

Create armature via MCP
Parent mesh with automatic weights via MCP
Query bone count and hierarchy
Validate weight groups via MCP if supported
Export armature with mesh via export-pipeline

通过 MCP 创建 Armature
通过 MCP 使用自动权重将 Mesh 进行父子绑定
查询骨骼数量和层级结构
如果支持，通过 MCP 验证权重组
通过 export-pipeline 导出 Armature 和 Mesh

Deformation Test Poses

变形测试姿势

T-pose / A-pose (bind pose)
Arms fully raised
Deep crouch
Neck rotation extremes
Jaw wide open (characters)

T-pose / A-pose（绑定姿势）
双臂完全抬起
深度下蹲
颈部旋转极限
大幅张嘴（角色）

Constraints

MUST DO

必须执行

Rig after retopology complete
Name bones consistently
Limit bone influences to 4 per vertex (game engines)
Test deformation at extremes before animation
Document control scheme for animators

在 Retopology 完成后进行 Rigging
统一命名骨骼
将每个顶点的骨骼影响数量限制为 4 个以内（游戏引擎）
动画制作前测试极限姿势下的变形效果
为动画师记录控制系统

MUST NOT DO

禁止执行

Auto weights without cleanup (hero assets)
Scale bones in bind pose
Rig before topology validated
Skip IK pole targets on limbs
Mix multiple root bones without documentation

对核心资产使用自动权重后不进行清理
在绑定姿势中缩放骨骼
在验证拓扑结构之前进行 Rigging
忽略肢体上的 IK Pole Target
混用多个 Root Bone 且不提供文档说明

Reference Guide

参考指南

Topic	Reference	Load When
Humanoid rig	`references/humanoid-rig.md`	Characters
Mechanical rig	`references/mechanical-rig.md`	Props, vehicles

主题	参考资料	加载时机
Humanoid Rig	`references/humanoid-rig.md`	角色
Mechanical Rig	`references/mechanical-rig.md`	道具、载具