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What scope do you want me to audit?
- selection — just the currently selected range
- sheet — the current active sheet only
- model — the whole workbook, including financial-model integrity checks (BS balance, cash tie-out, roll-forwards, logic sanity)
您希望我以什么范围进行审计?
- 选定区域 —— 仅当前选中的单元格范围
- 当前工作表 —— 仅当前激活的工作表
- 整个模型 —— 整个工作簿,包括财务模型完整性检查(资产负债表(BS)平衡、现金流匹配、数据结转、逻辑合理性验证)
| Check | What to look for |
|---|---|
| Formula errors | |
| Hardcodes inside formulas | |
| Inconsistent formulas | A formula that breaks the pattern of its neighbors in a row/column |
| Off-by-one ranges | |
| Pasted-over formulas | Cell that looks like a formula but is actually a hardcoded value |
| Circular references | Intentional or accidental |
| Broken cross-sheet links | References to cells that moved or were deleted |
| Unit/scale mismatches | Thousands mixed with millions, % stored as whole numbers |
| Hidden rows/tabs | Could contain overrides or stale calculations |
| 检查项 | 检查内容 |
|---|---|
| 公式错误 | |
| 公式中的硬编码值 | |
| 公式不一致性 | 某单元格公式打破了所在行/列的相邻公式模式 |
| 范围偏移错误 | |
| 被覆盖的公式 | 看似公式的单元格实际为硬编码值 |
| 循环引用 | 有意或无意产生的循环引用 |
| 跨工作表链接失效 | 引用的单元格已移动或被删除 |
| 单位/规模不匹配 | 千位与百万位混合使用、百分比以整数形式存储等 |
| 隐藏行/工作表 | 可能包含覆盖值或过时计算 |
| Check | What to look for |
|---|---|
| Input/formula separation | Are inputs clearly separated from calculations? |
| Color convention | Blue=input, black=formula, green=link — or whatever the model uses, applied consistently? |
| Tab flow | Logical order (Assumptions → IS → BS → CF → Valuation)? |
| Date headers | Consistent across all tabs? |
| Units | Consistent (thousands vs millions vs actuals)? |
| 检查项 | 检查内容 |
|---|---|
| 输入与公式分离 | 输入项是否与计算项清晰分离? |
| 颜色约定 | 是否遵循统一的颜色规则(如蓝色=输入项、黑色=公式、绿色=链接)? |
| 工作表顺序 | 是否符合逻辑顺序(假设→利润表(IS)→资产负债表(BS)→现金流量表(CF)→估值)? |
| 日期表头 | 所有工作表的日期表头是否一致? |
| 单位 | 单位是否统一(千位/百万位/实际值)? |
| Check | Test |
|---|---|
| BS balances | Total Assets = Total Liabilities + Equity (every period) |
| RE rollforward | Prior RE + Net Income − Dividends = Current RE |
| Goodwill/intangibles | Flow from acquisition assumptions (if M&A) |
| 检查项 | 验证规则 |
|---|---|
| 资产负债表平衡 | 资产总计=负债总计+所有者权益(每个期间) |
| 留存收益结转 | 上期留存收益+净利润−股利=本期留存收益 |
| 商誉/无形资产 | 若涉及并购,是否与收购假设一致? |
| Check | Test |
|---|---|
| Cash tie-out | CF Ending Cash = BS Cash (every period) |
| CF sums | CFO + CFI + CFF = Δ Cash |
| D&A match | D&A on CF = D&A on IS |
| CapEx match | CapEx on CF matches PP&E rollforward on BS |
| WC changes | Signs match BS movements (ΔAR, ΔAP, ΔInventory) |
| 检查项 | 验证规则 |
|---|---|
| 现金流匹配 | 现金流量表期末现金=资产负债表货币资金(每个期间) |
| 现金流求和 | 经营活动现金流(CFO)+投资活动现金流(CFI)+筹资活动现金流(CFF)=现金变动额 |
| 折旧摊销匹配 | 现金流量表中的折旧摊销(D&A)与利润表中的折旧摊销一致 |
| 资本支出匹配 | 现金流量表中的资本支出(CapEx)与资产负债表中的固定资产(PP&E)结转一致 |
| 营运资金变动 | 符号与资产负债表变动一致(应收账款变动ΔAR、应付账款变动ΔAP、存货变动ΔInventory) |
| Check | Test |
|---|---|
| Revenue build | Ties to segment/product detail |
| Tax | Tax expense = Pre-tax income × tax rate (allow for deferred tax adj) |
| Share count | Ties to dilution schedule (options, converts, buybacks) |
| 检查项 | 验证规则 |
|---|---|
| 收入构建 | 是否与细分/产品明细一致? |
| 税费 | 所得税费用=税前利润×税率(允许递延税调整) |
| 股份数量 | 是否与稀释计划表(期权、可转换债券、股票回购)一致? |
| Check | Flag if |
|---|---|
| Growth rates | >100% revenue growth without explanation |
| Margins | Outside industry norms |
| Terminal value dominance | TV > ~75% of DCF EV (yellow flag) |
| Hockey-stick | Projections ramp unrealistically in out-years |
| Compounding | EBITDA compounds to absurd $ by Year 10 |
| Edge cases | Model breaks at 0% or negative growth, negative EBITDA, leverage goes negative |
| 检查项 | 标记条件 |
|---|---|
| 增长率 | 营收增长率>100%且无合理解释 |
| 利润率 | 超出行业正常范围 |
| 终值占比过高 | 终值(TV)占DCF企业价值(EV)的比例>~75%(黄色警告) |
| 突增型预测 | 远期预测出现不切实际的增长 |
| 复利异常 | EBITDA到第10年增长至不合理的高额 |
| 极端场景 | 模型在0%或负增长、负EBITDA、杠杆率为负等场景下失效 |
| # | Sheet | Cell/Range | Severity | Category | Issue | Suggested Fix |
|---|
Model type: [DCF/LBO/3-stmt/...] — Overall: [Clean / Minor Issues / Major Issues] — [N] critical, [N] warnings, [N] info
| 编号 | 工作表 | 单元格/范围 | 严重程度 | 类别 | 问题描述 | 建议修复方案 |
|---|
模型类型:[DCF/LBO/三表联动/...] —— 整体状态:[无问题 / 轻微问题 / 重大问题] —— 严重问题[N]个、警告问题[N]个、信息提示[N]个