presentation-design

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Chinese

When this skill is activated, always start your first response with the 🧢 emoji.

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Presentation Design

演示文稿设计

Presentation design is the discipline of structuring information into visual slide sequences that inform, persuade, or inspire an audience. It sits at the intersection of storytelling, information design, and visual communication. This skill equips an agent to architect complete decks - from choosing the right narrative framework and slide structure, to selecting appropriate chart types for data, to applying visual hierarchy principles that keep audiences engaged. It applies to pitch decks, keynotes, internal strategy reviews, training materials, and any context where slides are the medium.

演示文稿设计是将信息构建为可视化幻灯片序列的学科，旨在向受众传递信息、说服受众或激发受众共鸣。它融合了叙事、信息设计与视觉沟通。此技能可让Agent构建完整的幻灯片组——从选择合适的叙事框架和幻灯片结构，到为数据选择恰当的图表类型，再到应用能保持受众参与度的视觉层次原则。适用于推介幻灯片组、主题演讲、内部战略评审、培训材料等所有以幻灯片为媒介的场景。

When to use this skill

何时使用此技能

Trigger this skill when the user:

Wants to create, structure, or outline a presentation or slide deck
Needs a storytelling framework for a talk (Pyramid Principle, Hero's Journey, etc.)
Asks how to visualize data in slides (chart selection, data-ink ratio, labeling)
Wants to build a pitch deck for investors, customers, or internal stakeholders
Needs help with slide layout, visual hierarchy, or information density
Asks about speaker notes, delivery pacing, or slide-to-talk ratio
Wants to restructure or improve an existing presentation
Needs a presentation template or outline for a specific context

Do NOT trigger this skill for:

General graphic design work unrelated to slides (logos, branding, illustrations)
Data analysis or dashboard design (use data/analytics skills instead)

当用户有以下需求时触发此技能：

想要创建、梳理或概述演示文稿或幻灯片组
需要为演讲选择叙事框架（Pyramid Principle、Hero's Journey等）
询问如何在幻灯片中可视化数据（图表选择、数据墨水比、标签设置）
想要为投资者、客户或内部利益相关者制作推介幻灯片组
需要幻灯片布局、视觉层次或信息密度相关的帮助
询问演讲者备注、演讲节奏或幻灯片与演讲内容的比例
想要重构或优化现有演示文稿
需要特定场景下的演示文稿模板或大纲

请勿在以下场景触发此技能：

与幻灯片无关的通用平面设计工作（标志、品牌设计、插画）
数据分析或仪表板设计（请使用数据/分析类技能）

Key principles

核心原则

One idea per slide - Each slide communicates exactly one point. If you need a second sentence to explain what the slide is about, split it into two slides. Audiences retain messages, not slide counts - more focused slides beat fewer dense ones.
Narrative before visuals - Always lock in the story arc and outline before opening any design tool. A beautiful deck with no narrative thread fails. Write the slide titles as a standalone story - if someone reads only the titles in sequence, they should understand the full argument.
Signal-to-noise ratio - Every element on a slide must earn its place. Remove logos from interior slides, drop decorative clip art, minimize bullet sub-levels, and kill orphan text. The audience's eye should land on exactly what matters with zero visual competition.
Data-ink maximization - For data slides, maximize the proportion of ink used to display actual data vs. non-data elements (gridlines, borders, redundant labels). Remove chart junk: 3D effects, gradient fills, excessive legends, and dual axes unless absolutely necessary.
Context-audience fit - A board presentation is not a conference keynote is not a training workshop. Match density, tone, animation level, and formality to the specific audience and setting. Read-ahead decks need more text; live talks need less.

每页一个核心观点 - 每张幻灯片仅传达一个要点。如果需要第二句话来解释幻灯片内容，就将其拆分为两张幻灯片。受众记住的是信息，而非幻灯片数量——聚焦的幻灯片远胜于内容密集的幻灯片。
先叙事，后视觉 - 在打开任何设计工具前，务必先确定叙事弧线和大纲。缺乏叙事主线的精美幻灯片组毫无意义。将幻灯片标题撰写成独立的故事——如果有人仅按顺序阅读标题，就能理解完整的论点。
信号噪声比 - 幻灯片上的每个元素都必须有存在的价值。移除内页幻灯片的标志，删除装饰性剪贴画，尽量减少项目符号的子层级，删除孤立文本。受众的视线应精准落在关键内容上，不受任何视觉干扰。
最大化数据墨水比 - 对于数据类幻灯片，最大化用于展示实际数据的墨水占比，而非非数据元素（网格线、边框、冗余标签）。删除图表冗余元素：3D效果、渐变填充、过多图例，除非绝对必要，否则避免使用双轴。
贴合场景与受众 - 董事会演示文稿、会议主题演讲和培训研讨会的要求截然不同。根据特定受众和场景调整内容密度、语气、动画程度和正式程度。供提前阅读的幻灯片组需要更多文本；现场演讲的幻灯片则应减少文本。

Core concepts

核心概念

Deck architecture - Every presentation has three layers: the narrative layer (what story are you telling), the structural layer (how slides are sequenced and grouped), and the visual layer (how each slide looks). Work top-down through these layers.

Slide taxonomy - Slides fall into five functional types: Title/section dividers (signal transitions), Assertion slides (state a claim with evidence), Data slides (charts, tables, metrics), Framework slides (2x2 matrices, process flows, diagrams), and Action slides (next steps, asks, CTAs). Knowing which type you need prevents the default of "bullet point list for everything."

Storytelling structures - The three most versatile frameworks: (1) Situation- Complication-Resolution (SCR) for executive communication - state the context, reveal the tension, present the answer. (2) Problem-Solution-Benefit (PSB) for sales and pitch decks - show the pain, offer the fix, prove the value. (3) The Pyramid Principle (Minto) for analytical presentations - lead with the conclusion, then support with grouped arguments and evidence.

Visual hierarchy - Slide elements are read in priority order: headline first, then the dominant visual element, then supporting text. Use size, contrast, color, and position to control this reading order. The headline should be an assertion ("Revenue grew 23% YoY"), not a label ("Revenue").

Data visualization selection - Match chart type to the analytical message: comparison (bar chart), trend over time (line chart), part-to-whole (stacked bar or pie for 2-3 segments only), distribution (histogram), correlation (scatter plot), flow (Sankey or waterfall). The chart type IS the argument.

幻灯片组架构 - 每个演示文稿都包含三个层级：叙事层（你要讲述什么故事）、结构层（幻灯片的排序和分组方式）和视觉层（每张幻灯片的外观）。按从上到下的顺序处理这些层级。

幻灯片分类 - 幻灯片分为五种功能类型：标题/章节分隔页（标志过渡）、主张页（用证据阐述观点）、数据页（图表、表格、指标）、框架页（2x2矩阵、流程示意图、图表）和行动页（下一步计划、诉求、CTA）。明确所需的幻灯片类型，避免“所有内容都用项目符号列表”的默认做法。

叙事结构 - 三种最通用的框架：(1) 情境-冲突-解决方案（SCR），适用于高管沟通——说明背景、揭示矛盾、给出答案。(2) 问题-解决方案-收益（PSB），适用于销售和推介幻灯片组——展示痛点、提供解决方案、证明价值。(3) 金字塔原理（Minto），适用于分析类演示文稿——先给出结论，再用分组的论点和证据支撑。

视觉层次 - 幻灯片元素的阅读优先级为：标题优先，然后是主要视觉元素，最后是辅助文本。通过大小、对比度、颜色和位置控制阅读顺序。标题应是明确的主张（如「第三季度收入超出目标12%」），而非标签（如「第三季度收入」）。

数据可视化选择 - 根据分析信息匹配图表类型：类别对比（水平条形图）、时间趋势（折线图）、整体占比（2-3个部分用饼图或环形图）、分布情况（直方图）、相关性（散点图）、流程流向（桑基图或流程图）。图表类型本身就是论点。

Common tasks

常见任务

Structure a presentation from scratch

从零开始构建演示文稿结构

Follow this sequence:

Define the objective in one sentence: "After this presentation, the audience will ___"
Identify the audience and context (live talk, read-ahead, hybrid)
Choose a storytelling framework (SCR, PSB, or Pyramid - see
```
references/storytelling-frameworks.md
```
)
Write 8-15 slide titles that tell the story when read in sequence
Classify each slide by type (title, assertion, data, framework, action)
Draft content for each slide - one key message per slide
Identify which slides need data visualization and select chart types
Add a strong opening slide (hook) and closing slide (call to action)

Always validate: read the slide titles alone top to bottom. If the narrative is unclear, restructure before adding any visual content.

遵循以下步骤：

用一句话定义目标：「演示结束后，受众将___」
确定受众和场景（现场演讲、提前阅读、混合模式）
选择叙事框架（SCR、PSB或金字塔原理——详见
```
references/storytelling-frameworks.md
```
）
撰写8-15个幻灯片标题，按顺序阅读时能完整讲述故事
为每张幻灯片分类（标题页、主张页、数据页、框架页、行动页）
为每张幻灯片草拟内容——每页一个核心信息
确定哪些幻灯片需要数据可视化并选择图表类型
添加引人入胜的开场幻灯片和明确的结尾行动页

务必验证：单独从上到下阅读幻灯片标题。如果叙事不清晰，在添加任何视觉内容前重新调整结构。

Build a pitch deck

制作推介幻灯片组

Standard pitch deck structure (10-12 slides):

Title - Company name, one-line value prop, presenter name
Problem - The pain point, sized with data if possible
Solution - What you built, shown simply (screenshot or diagram)
Demo/Product - How it works in 2-3 steps
Market - TAM/SAM/SOM or market sizing
Business model - How you make money
Traction - Metrics, growth chart, logos, testimonials
Competition - Positioning matrix (2x2) or comparison table
Team - Key founders and relevant experience
Ask - Funding amount, use of funds, timeline
Appendix - Detailed financials, technical architecture (backup slides)

Keep the pitch deck under 15 slides for the main flow. Use appendix slides for depth.

标准推介幻灯片组结构（10-12页）：

标题页 - 公司名称、一句话价值主张、演讲者姓名
问题 - 痛点，尽可能用数据说明规模
解决方案 - 你的产品/服务，简洁展示（截图或示意图）
产品演示 - 2-3个步骤说明工作原理
市场 - TAM/SAM/SOM或市场规模
商业模式 - 盈利方式
业绩 - 指标、增长图表、客户标志、推荐语
竞争 - 定位矩阵（2x2）或对比表格
团队 - 核心创始人及相关经验
诉求 - 融资金额、资金用途、时间线
附录 - 详细财务数据、技术架构（备用幻灯片）

主流程的推介幻灯片组控制在15页以内。用附录幻灯片提供深度内容。

Choose the right chart for data slides

为数据幻灯片选择合适的图表

Message type	Best chart	Avoid
Comparison across categories	Horizontal bar	Pie chart with 5+ segments
Trend over time	Line chart	Vertical bar with 12+ bars
Part-to-whole (2-3 parts)	Pie or donut	Stacked bar
Part-to-whole (4+ parts)	Stacked bar or treemap	Pie chart
Distribution	Histogram or box plot	Bar chart with raw values
Correlation	Scatter plot	Dual-axis line chart
Change/waterfall	Waterfall chart	Stacked bar
Process flow	Sankey or flow diagram	Table

See

references/data-visualization.md

for detailed formatting rules, labeling best practices, and color palette guidance.

信息类型	最佳图表	避免使用
跨类别对比	水平条形图	包含5个以上分段的饼图
时间趋势	折线图	包含12个以上条形的垂直条形图
整体占比（2-3个部分）	饼图或环形图	堆叠条形图
整体占比（4个以上部分）	堆叠条形图或树状图	饼图
分布情况	直方图或箱线图	展示原始数值的条形图
相关性	散点图	双轴折线图
变化/瀑布式	瀑布图	堆叠条形图
流程流向	桑基图或流程图	表格

详细格式规则、标签最佳实践和调色板指南，请参阅

references/data-visualization.md

。

Write assertion headlines

撰写主张式标题

Transform label headlines into assertion headlines:

Weak (label)	Strong (assertion)
"Q3 Revenue"	"Q3 revenue exceeded target by 12%"
"Customer Feedback"	"NPS jumped from 32 to 58 after redesign"
"Market Overview"	"The $4.2B market is shifting to self-serve"
"Team"	"Our founding team has 3 successful exits"

Every slide headline should be a complete sentence that states the takeaway. If the audience reads nothing else, they get the message.

将标签式标题转化为主张式标题：

薄弱（标签式）	优秀（主张式）
「第三季度收入」	「第三季度收入超出目标12%」
「客户反馈」	「重新设计后NPS从32提升至58」
「市场概况」	「42亿美元的市场正转向自助服务模式」
「团队」	「我们的创始团队有3次成功退出经历」

每张幻灯片标题都应是完整的句子，明确传达核心要点。即使受众只阅读标题，也能获取关键信息。

Design data-heavy slides

设计数据密集型幻灯片

For slides with complex data:

Lead with the insight headline - state what the data proves
Use one chart per slide (two maximum if directly compared)
Highlight the key data point with color or annotation
Remove gridlines, reduce axis labels to minimum needed
Add a direct annotation or callout on the chart pointing to the insight
Source the data in small text at bottom-left
Use consistent color coding across all data slides in the deck

Never show a chart without telling the audience what to see in it. The headline and a callout annotation do this work.

对于包含复杂数据的幻灯片：

以洞察标题开头——说明数据证明的结论
每页使用一个图表（最多两个，若需直接对比）
用颜色或标注突出关键数据点
移除网格线，将轴标签减至最少
在图表上添加直接指向洞察的标注或说明
在左下角用小字体标注数据来源
整个幻灯片组的所有数据幻灯片使用一致的颜色编码

切勿展示无解读的图表。标题和标注说明应完成这项工作。

Structure a read-ahead document deck

构建供提前阅读的幻灯片组

Read-ahead decks (sent via email, read without a presenter) need different rules:

Use full-sentence headlines (assertions) - they carry the argument alone
Include more text per slide than a live talk (but still concise)
Add executive summary as slide 2 (after title) - full argument in 5-6 bullets
Use page numbers and section headers for navigation
Include a table of contents for decks over 15 slides
Appendix is critical - readers will want to drill into details
Minimize animations and builds - they don't work in PDF/email

供提前阅读的幻灯片组（通过邮件发送，无演讲者讲解）需遵循不同规则：

使用完整句子的标题（主张式）——标题本身承载论点
每页文本比现场演讲的幻灯片多（但仍需简洁）
在标题页后添加执行摘要作为第2页——用5-6个项目符号完整阐述论点
添加页码和章节标题便于导航
超过15页的幻灯片组添加目录
附录至关重要——读者会想要深入了解细节
尽量减少动画和构建效果——在PDF/邮件中无法正常显示

Apply visual hierarchy to a slide

为幻灯片应用视觉层次

Checklist for every content slide:

Headline: 24-32pt, bold, top of slide - states the assertion
Primary visual: largest element, center or center-right - chart, image, or diagram
Supporting text: 14-18pt, left-aligned, minimal - 2-4 bullet points maximum
Source/footnote: 10-12pt, bottom-left, gray - attribution only
Whitespace: at least 15-20% of slide area is empty - don't fill every pixel
Consistent margins: same padding on all four edges across all slides

每张内容幻灯片的检查清单：

标题：24-32号字，加粗，位于幻灯片顶部——明确传达主张
主要视觉元素：最大的元素，位于中间或中右侧——图表、图片或示意图
辅助文本：14-18号字，左对齐，尽量精简——最多2-4个项目符号
来源/脚注：10-12号字，左下角，灰色——仅用于标注来源
留白：至少15-20%的幻灯片区域为空白——不要填满每个像素
一致的边距：所有幻灯片的四边留白相同

Anti-patterns / common mistakes

反模式 / 常见错误

Mistake	Why it's wrong	What to do instead
Wall of bullets	Audiences stop reading after 3 bullets; retention drops to near zero	One idea per slide; use visuals to replace lists
Label headlines ("Q3 Results")	Forces audience to find the point themselves; wasted real estate	Assertion headlines that state the takeaway
Pie chart with 6+ segments	Humans cannot compare arc angles accurately beyond 3 segments	Use horizontal bar chart sorted by value
Reading slides aloud verbatim	Audience reads faster than you speak; creates cognitive conflict	Slides show the visual; you provide the narration
No clear ask or CTA	Presentation ends without the audience knowing what to do next	Final slide states the specific desired action
Decorative chart junk	3D effects, gradients, unnecessary gridlines distract from data	Flat, clean charts with data-ink ratio maximized
Inconsistent formatting	Different fonts, colors, alignment slide-to-slide breaks trust	Use a master template; enforce consistency
Too many slides for the time	Rushing through slides signals poor preparation	Target 1-2 minutes per slide for live talks

错误做法	错误原因	正确做法
项目符号墙	受众阅读3个项目符号后就会停止，留存率几乎为零	每页一个核心观点；用视觉元素替代列表
标签式标题（如「第三季度业绩」）	迫使受众自己寻找要点，浪费空间	使用明确传达核心要点的主张式标题
包含6个以上分段的饼图	人类无法准确比较3个以上分段的圆弧角度	使用按数值排序的水平条形图
逐字朗读幻灯片内容	受众阅读速度快于演讲者语速，造成认知冲突	幻灯片展示视觉内容；演讲者提供旁白讲解
无明确诉求或CTA	演示结束后受众不知道下一步该做什么	最后一页明确说明具体的期望行动
装饰性图表冗余元素	3D效果、渐变、不必要的网格线会分散对数据的注意力	采用简洁的扁平化图表，最大化数据墨水比
格式不一致	幻灯片间字体、颜色、对齐方式不同会降低可信度	使用母版模板；确保格式一致
幻灯片数量超出时间限制	仓促翻页表明准备不足	现场演讲的目标是每页1-2分钟

References

参考资料

For detailed guidance on specific sub-domains, read the relevant file from

references/

```
references/storytelling-frameworks.md
```
- Deep dive into SCR, PSB, Pyramid Principle, Hero's Journey, and when to use each. Load when helping a user choose or apply a narrative structure.
```
references/data-visualization.md
```
- Chart formatting rules, color palettes, labeling standards, annotation techniques, and common chart mistakes. Load when working with data-heavy slides.
```
references/slide-templates.md
```
- Reusable slide layout templates for common slide types (title, assertion, comparison, timeline, team, metrics dashboard). Load when the user needs specific slide layout guidance.

Only load a references file if the current task requires it.

如需特定子领域的详细指导，请参阅

references/

中的相关文件：

```
references/storytelling-frameworks.md
```
- 深入探讨SCR、PSB、金字塔原理、Hero's Journey以及各自的适用场景。在帮助用户选择或应用叙事结构时加载此文件。
```
references/data-visualization.md
```
- 图表格式规则、调色板、标签标准、标注技巧和常见图表错误。在处理数据密集型幻灯片时加载此文件。
```
references/slide-templates.md
```
- 适用于常见幻灯片类型（标题页、主张页、对比页、时间线、团队页、指标仪表板）的可复用幻灯片布局模板。在用户需要特定幻灯片布局指导时加载此文件。

仅当当前任务需要时才加载参考文件。