geographic-foundations

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Geographic Foundations

地理基础

Auto-activated layer that detects geographic context and routes architectural queries to the correct country-specific regulatory dossier. Loads before any code, life-safety, structural, or planning analysis.

自动激活层,用于检测地理上下文,并将建筑查询路由至正确的国家专属监管档案。在任何规范、生命安全、结构或规划分析之前加载。

1. Geographic Context Detection

1. 地理上下文检测

When a user query includes any of the following signals, route to the named country skill before applying generic content from
building-codes
,
fire-life-safety
, or
accessibility-design
.
当用户查询包含以下任意信号时,在应用
building-codes
fire-life-safety
accessibility-design
的通用内容之前,先路由至指定的国家技能。

1.1 Direct Detection Triggers

1.1 直接检测触发项

Signal ClassExamplesRoute To
Country name"India", "Bharat", "Republic of India"
country-india
Country name"UAE", "Emirates", "Dubai", "Abu Dhabi"
country-uae
Country name"Saudi", "KSA", "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "Riyadh"
country-saudi-arabia
Country name"USA", "United States", "America"
country-usa
Country name"UK", "Britain", "England", "Scotland", "Wales", "Northern Ireland"
country-uk
Country name"Germany", "Deutschland", "DE"
country-germany
Country name"Singapore", "SG"
country-singapore
Country name"Japan", "Nippon", "JP"
country-japan
Country name"China", "PRC", "Zhongguo"
country-china
Country name"Australia", "AU", "Oz"
country-australia
Code reference"IBC", "IRC", "IECC", "ASCE 7"
country-usa
(then
building-codes
for IBC depth)
Code reference"NBC India", "ECBC", "IS 1893", "IS 875"
country-india
Code reference"NBC 2016"
country-india
(disambiguate from "NBC Canada")
Code reference"Approved Document", "AD-B", "Part L", "Part M"
country-uk
Code reference"GEG", "DIN 18040", "LBO", "MBO"
country-germany
Code reference"SBC 201", "SBC 301", "SBC 601", "SBC 801"
country-saudi-arabia
Code reference"Dubai Building Code", "DBC", "ADIBC", "Estidama"
country-uae
Code reference"NCC", "BCA Vol 1", "AS 1428", "AS/NZS 1170"
country-australia
Code reference"Building Standards Act", "Kenchiku Kijun Hou"
country-japan
Code reference"GB 50016", "GB 50352", "GB 50011", "JGJ"
country-china
Code reference"BCA Singapore", "URA", "SCDF Fire Code"
country-singapore
City name"Mumbai", "Delhi", "Bangalore", "Chennai", "Hyderabad", "Kolkata", "Pune", "Ahmedabad"
country-india
City name"Dubai", "Abu Dhabi", "Sharjah", "Ajman"
country-uae
City name"Riyadh", "Jeddah", "Mecca", "Medina", "Dammam", "NEOM"
country-saudi-arabia
City name"New York", "Los Angeles", "Chicago", "San Francisco", "Boston", "Seattle", "Miami", "Houston"
country-usa
City name"London", "Manchester", "Birmingham", "Edinburgh", "Glasgow", "Cardiff", "Belfast"
country-uk
City name"Berlin", "Munich", "Hamburg", "Frankfurt", "Cologne", "Stuttgart"
country-germany
City name"Tokyo", "Osaka", "Yokohama", "Kyoto", "Sapporo", "Fukuoka"
country-japan
City name"Beijing", "Shanghai", "Guangzhou", "Shenzhen", "Chengdu", "Chongqing", "Hong Kong"
country-china
(HK = SAR but follows BD Hong Kong codes; flag)
City name"Sydney", "Melbourne", "Brisbane", "Perth", "Adelaide", "Canberra", "Hobart"
country-australia
Currency cue"USD" (with site/cost)
country-usa
(probable)
Currency cue"INR", "Lakh", "Crore"
country-india
Currency cue"AED", "Dirham"
country-uae
Currency cue"SAR", "Riyal"
country-saudi-arabia
Currency cue"GBP", "Pound"
country-uk
Currency cue"EUR" (with EU country context)route to relevant country (
country-germany
if no other cue)
Currency cue"SGD"
country-singapore
Currency cue"JPY", "Yen"
country-japan
Currency cue"CNY", "RMB", "Yuan"
country-china
Currency cue"AUD"
country-australia
信号类别示例路由至
国家名称"India", "Bharat", "Republic of India"
country-india
国家名称"UAE", "Emirates", "Dubai", "Abu Dhabi"
country-uae
国家名称"Saudi", "KSA", "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia", "Riyadh"
country-saudi-arabia
国家名称"USA", "United States", "America"
country-usa
国家名称"UK", "Britain", "England", "Scotland", "Wales", "Northern Ireland"
country-uk
国家名称"Germany", "Deutschland", "DE"
country-germany
国家名称"Singapore", "SG"
country-singapore
国家名称"Japan", "Nippon", "JP"
country-japan
国家名称"China", "PRC", "Zhongguo"
country-china
国家名称"Australia", "AU", "Oz"
country-australia
规范引用"IBC", "IRC", "IECC", "ASCE 7"
country-usa
(之后调用
building-codes
获取IBC详细内容)
规范引用"NBC India", "ECBC", "IS 1893", "IS 875"
country-india
规范引用"NBC 2016"
country-india
(与“加拿大NBC”区分)
规范引用"Approved Document", "AD-B", "Part L", "Part M"
country-uk
规范引用"GEG", "DIN 18040", "LBO", "MBO"
country-germany
规范引用"SBC 201", "SBC 301", "SBC 601", "SBC 801"
country-saudi-arabia
规范引用"Dubai Building Code", "DBC", "ADIBC", "Estidama"
country-uae
规范引用"NCC", "BCA Vol 1", "AS 1428", "AS/NZS 1170"
country-australia
规范引用"Building Standards Act", "Kenchiku Kijun Hou"
country-japan
规范引用"GB 50016", "GB 50352", "GB 50011", "JGJ"
country-china
规范引用"BCA Singapore", "URA", "SCDF Fire Code"
country-singapore
城市名称"Mumbai", "Delhi", "Bangalore", "Chennai", "Hyderabad", "Kolkata", "Pune", "Ahmedabad"
country-india
城市名称"Dubai", "Abu Dhabi", "Sharjah", "Ajman"
country-uae
城市名称"Riyadh", "Jeddah", "Mecca", "Medina", "Dammam", "NEOM"
country-saudi-arabia
城市名称"New York", "Los Angeles", "Chicago", "San Francisco", "Boston", "Seattle", "Miami", "Houston"
country-usa
城市名称"London", "Manchester", "Birmingham", "Edinburgh", "Glasgow", "Cardiff", "Belfast"
country-uk
城市名称"Berlin", "Munich", "Hamburg", "Frankfurt", "Cologne", "Stuttgart"
country-germany
城市名称"Tokyo", "Osaka", "Yokohama", "Kyoto", "Sapporo", "Fukuoka"
country-japan
城市名称"Beijing", "Shanghai", "Guangzhou", "Shenzhen", "Chengdu", "Chongqing", "Hong Kong"
country-china
(香港为特别行政区,但遵循香港屋宇署规范;需标注)
城市名称"Sydney", "Melbourne", "Brisbane", "Perth", "Adelaide", "Canberra", "Hobart"
country-australia
货币线索"USD"(伴随场地/成本相关内容)
country-usa
(大概率)
货币线索"INR", "Lakh", "Crore"
country-india
货币线索"AED", "Dirham"
country-uae
货币线索"SAR", "Riyal"
country-saudi-arabia
货币线索"GBP", "Pound"
country-uk
货币线索"EUR"(伴随欧盟国家上下文)路由至相关国家(无其他线索时为
country-germany
货币线索"SGD"
country-singapore
货币线索"JPY", "Yen"
country-japan
货币线索"CNY", "RMB", "Yuan"
country-china
货币线索"AUD"
country-australia

1.2 Indirect/Inferential Triggers

1.2 间接/推断触发项

  • Site climate description ("hot-arid", "tropical monsoon", "Mediterranean", "temperate maritime", "subarctic", "humid subtropical") combined with a city name -> resolve city -> country.
  • Cultural cue ("vastu compliance", "qibla orientation", "feng shui", "minka", "haveli", "courtyard house with majlis") -> infer country/region (India, MENA, China/HK, Japan, India respectively).
  • Standard organisation reference ("BIS spec", "DIN-tested", "JIS-marked", "GB-stamped", "BSI-certified") -> country.
  • Regulatory authority name ("Civil Defence approval", "Trakhees", "Tatweer", "MoHUA", "MLIT", "Bauamt") -> country.
  • Language cue in proper noun ("brise-soleil"+"ECBC" Indian usage; "rohbau" German; "shikkui" Japanese; "majlis" Arab; "joglo" Indonesian; "shophouse" Singaporean).
  • 场地气候描述("hot-arid"、"tropical monsoon"、"Mediterranean"、"temperate maritime"、"subarctic"、"humid subtropical")结合城市名称 -> 解析城市 -> 国家。
  • 文化线索("vastu compliance"、"qibla orientation"、"feng shui"、"minka"、"haveli"、"courtyard house with majlis")-> 推断国家/地区(分别对应印度、中东和北非、中国/香港、日本、印度)。
  • 标准机构引用("BIS spec"、"DIN-tested"、"JIS-marked"、"GB-stamped"、"BSI-certified")-> 国家。
  • 监管机构名称("Civil Defence approval"、"Trakhees"、"Tatweer"、"MoHUA"、"MLIT"、"Bauamt")-> 国家。
  • 专有名词中的语言线索("brise-soleil"+"ECBC" 印度用法;"rohbau" 德语;"shikkui" 日语;"majlis" 阿拉伯语;"joglo" 印尼语;"shophouse" 新加坡用法)。

1.3 Default Behaviour

1.3 默认行为

If no geographic context is established after the first user message, ask one clarifying question: "Which jurisdiction does this project sit under? It affects code compliance, structural design loads, energy targets, and accessibility standards."
If the user is ambiguous or operating cross-border (international firm, design competition, master-plan study), apply the international reference cluster (IBC + Eurocodes + ASCE 7 + ASHRAE + ISO 21542 accessibility + ISO 23932 fire) and explicitly state the assumption.

如果在用户第一条消息后仍未确定地理上下文,提出一个澄清问题:"该项目属于哪个司法管辖区?这会影响规范合规性、结构设计荷载、能源目标和无障碍标准。"
如果用户表述模糊或项目跨境运作(国际公司、设计竞赛、总体规划研究),则应用国际参考集群(IBC + Eurocodes + ASCE 7 + ASHRAE + ISO 21542 无障碍 + ISO 23932 消防),并明确说明该假设。

2. Global Regulatory Hierarchy

2. 全球监管层级

Each country sits in one of five regulatory archetypes. The archetype determines how clause-level questions are answered.
每个国家都属于五种监管原型之一,原型决定了条款级问题的解答方式。

2.1 Archetype A -- Unitary National Code

2.1 原型A —— 单一国家规范

A single nationally adopted code applies uniformly with no state/municipal variation. Cities adopt by reference.
  • Singapore (Building Control Act + Building Control Regulations, administered by BCA centrally)
  • Saudi Arabia (Saudi Building Code series SBC 201-1001 issued by SBCNC, mandatory in all regions since 2018)
  • France (Code de la construction et de l'habitation; departments adopt by reference -- not in our Tier-1 but for context)
采用单一的全国性规范,统一适用,无州/市级差异,城市通过引用方式采纳该规范。
  • 新加坡(《建筑控制法》(Building Control Act)+《建筑控制条例》(Building Control Regulations),由BCA集中管理)
  • 沙特阿拉伯(沙特建筑规范系列SBC 201-1001,由SBCNC发布,2018年起在所有地区强制实施)
  • 法国(《建筑与居住法典》(Code de la construction et de l'habitation);各省通过引用采纳——不属于第一梯队,仅作背景参考)

2.2 Archetype B -- National Model + State/Provincial Adoption

2.2 原型B —— 国家范本 + 州/省采纳

A national model code is issued but each state/province adopts a version (or modifies). Practitioner must check the state edition.
  • USA (ICC publishes IBC/IRC/IECC/IFC; each state/county adopts a specific year. California adds Title 24; NYC, Chicago, Florida publish significant amendments.)
  • Australia (NCC 2022 published by ABCB; each state administers via Building Act, with state-specific variations published as appendices.)
  • India (NBC 2016 issued by BIS; states/UTs notify their own Building Bye-Laws and Development Control Regulations -- DCR/DCPR. Code is not legally binding by itself.)
  • Canada (NBC of Canada 2020; provinces adopt -- Ontario OBC, BC BCBC, Quebec separate regime. Out of Tier-1.)
发布国家范本规范,但各州/省采纳特定版本(或进行修改),从业者必须核查所在州的版本。
  • 美国(ICC发布IBC/IRC/IECC/IFC;每个州/县采纳特定年份版本。加州新增Title 24;纽约市、芝加哥、佛罗里达州发布了重大修订。)
  • 澳大利亚(ABCB发布NCC 2022;各州通过《建筑法》(Building Act)实施,各州的特定差异以附录形式发布。)
  • 印度(BIS发布NBC 2016;各邦/中央直辖区公布各自的《建筑细则》(Building Bye-Laws)和《开发控制条例》(Development Control Regulations)——即DCR/DCPR。规范本身不具有法律约束力。)
  • 加拿大(加拿大NBC 2020;各省采纳——安大略省OBC、不列颠哥伦比亚省BCBC、魁北克省实行独立制度。不属于第一梯队。)

2.3 Archetype C -- Federal Framework + State/Land Sovereignty

2.3 原型C —— 联邦框架 + 州/邦主权

The country has a federal framework but actual building law is state-sovereign. Each state has its own primary statute.
  • Germany (Musterbauordnung MBO is a model only. Each of 16 Lander has its own Landesbauordnung -- e.g., BayBO Bavaria, BauO NRW, BauO Bln Berlin -- which is legally binding. Energy is federal: GEG.)
  • UAE (Federal Civil Defence Code applies to fire; each emirate has its own building code: Dubai Building Code 2021, ADIBC Abu Dhabi, etc.)
  • UK (Building Regulations 2010 apply to England; Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland have separate regimes -- Welsh AD, Scottish Technical Handbooks, NI Technical Booklets.)
该国设有联邦框架,但实际建筑法由各州/邦自主制定,每个州/邦都有自己的主要法规。
  • 德国(Musterbauordnung(MBO)仅为范本。16个Lander各有自己的《州建筑条例》(Landesbauordnung)——例如巴伐利亚州BayBO、北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州BauO NRW、柏林州BauO Bln——具有法律约束力。能源规范为联邦层面:GEG。)
  • 阿联酋(《联邦民防法典》(Federal Civil Defence Code)适用于消防领域;每个酋长国都有自己的建筑规范:迪拜建筑规范2021(Dubai Building Code 2021)、阿布扎比ADIBC等。)
  • 英国(《建筑法规2010》(Building Regulations 2010)适用于英格兰;威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰实行独立制度——威尔士AD、苏格兰技术手册、北爱尔兰技术小册子。)

2.4 Archetype D -- Centralised National + Mandatory Strong-Form Clauses

2.4 原型D —— 中央集权国家规范 + 强制性刚性条款

A single national code with "mandatory provisions" that override anything else, plus permissible local supplements.
  • China (GB series codes issued by MOHURD; "Mandatory Provisions" (qiangzhixing tiaowen) in red text are legally binding nationally. Cities publish DB local supplements -- DB11 Beijing, DGJ08 Shanghai, DBJ45 Guangxi -- which may only be more stringent.)
  • Japan (Building Standards Act + Cabinet Order + MLIT Notifications; designated cities have planning autonomy under City Planning Act but structural and safety provisions are national.)
实行单一国家规范,其中的“强制性条文”(qiangzhixing tiaowen)优先级高于一切,同时允许地方制定补充规定。
  • 中国(MOHURD发布GB系列规范;以红色文本标注的“强制性条文”在全国范围内具有法律约束力。各城市发布DB地方补充标准——北京DB11、上海DGJ08、广西DBJ45——且地方标准只能更严格。)
  • 日本(《建筑基准法》(Building Standards Act)+ 内阁令 + MLIT通知;指定城市在《城市规划法》(City Planning Act)框架下享有规划自主权,但结构和安全条款为全国统一。)

2.5 Archetype E -- Performance-Based Outcome Regulation

2.5 原型E —— 基于性能的结果导向监管

Code prescribes outcomes; deemed-to-satisfy paths are advisory. Engineered solutions admitted via approved verification methods.
  • Australia (NCC 2022 fully performance-based; DTS and Performance Solution both legal.)
  • UK (Approved Documents 2010+ are guidance; performance route via fire engineering reports under BS 7974, structural performance under EN 1990, etc.)
  • New Zealand (NZBC, out of Tier-1.)
Many Tier-1 countries are hybrid: e.g., Japan permits performance verification (Article 38 prior to 1998; replaced by Article 37 type approval and BCJ structural performance evaluation post-1998).

规范仅规定结果要求,“视为满足”的路径仅作参考,工程解决方案可通过经批准的验证方法获得认可。
  • 澳大利亚(NCC 2022完全基于性能;DTS和性能解决方案(Performance Solution)均合法。)
  • 英国(2010年及以后的《批准文件》(Approved Documents)为指导文件;性能路径可通过基于BS 7974的消防工程报告、基于EN 1990的结构性能报告等实现。)
  • 新西兰(NZBC,不属于第一梯队。)
许多第一梯队国家属于混合模式:例如日本允许性能验证(1998年前为第38条;1998年后被第37条型式认证和BCJ结构性能评估取代)。

3. Comparison Matrix -- Tier-1 Countries

3. 对比矩阵——第一梯队国家

3.1 Primary Code, Energy Code, Fire Code, Accessibility Code

3.1 主要建筑规范、能源规范、消防规范、无障碍规范

CountryPrimary Building CodeEnergy CodeFire SafetyAccessibility
IndiaNBC 2016 (BIS, advisory) + state DCR/DCPR (binding)ECBC 2017 / ECBC-R 2018 (BEE)NBC 2016 Part 4 + IS 15683Harmonised Guidelines & Space Standards 2021 (MoHUA)
UAE (Dubai)Dubai Building Code 2021 (DBC)Al Sa'fat Dubai Green Building Regs 2011 + 2016 updateUAE Fire and Life Safety Code of Practice 2018Dubai Universal Design Code 2017 + Federal Law 29/2006
UAE (Abu Dhabi)Abu Dhabi International Building Code 2013 (ADIBC, IBC-derived)Estidama Pearl Building Rating System 2010UAE FLS Code 2018DMA Accessibility Code 2014
Saudi ArabiaSBC 201-CR 2018 (general) -- 9 part code systemSBC 601-CR 2018 (energy)SBC 801-CR 2018 (fire) + Saudi Fire Code 2007SBC 801 Part 11 + Universal Accessibility Code (KKIA)
USAIBC 2024 (model) + state adoption (varies 2015-2024)IECC 2024 / ASHRAE 90.1-2022 (Energy Standard for Buildings)NFPA 101 Life Safety Code 2024 + IBC Ch. 7-10ADA 2010 Standards + ANSI A117.1-2017 + Fair Housing Act
UK (England)Building Regulations 2010 + Approved Documents A-S (2010-2025)AD-L Vol 1 (dwellings) + Vol 2 (other), 2021 + 2025 future homes/buildings standardsAD-B Vol 1 + Vol 2 (2022 amendments post-Grenfell)AD-M Vol 1 (dwellings) + Vol 2 (other), 2015/2020 + BS 8300-1/2:2018
Germany16 Landesbauordnungen (LBO) + Musterbauordnung 2002/2019 (MBO) modelGEG 2023 (Gebaudeenergiegesetz)LBO + Muster-Industriebaurichtlinie + DIN 4102 / EN 13501DIN 18040-1 (public), -2 (housing), -3 (public space)
SingaporeBuilding Control Act 1989 + Building Control Regulations 2003BCA Code on Environmental Sustainability 2018 + SS 530SCDF Fire Code 2018BCA Code on Accessibility 2019 + Universal Design Index
JapanBuilding Standards Act 1950 (Kenchiku Kijun Ho) + Cabinet Order + MLIT NotificationsAct on Improvement of Energy Consumption Performance of Buildings 2015 (Kenchikubutsu Sho-Energy Ho)Fire Service Act + Fire Service Law Enforcement OrderHeart Building Law 2006 (Barrier-Free Law)
ChinaGB 50352-2019 (Civil Buildings Unified Design Standard) + GB 50016-2014 (fire) + 50 other GB codesGB 55015-2021 (General code building energy) + GB 50189-2015 (public buildings)GB 50016-2014/2018 (fire), GB 50045-95/2005 (high-rise)GB 50763-2012 (Accessibility)
AustraliaNCC 2022 Vol 1 (Class 2-9), Vol 2 (Class 1, 10), Vol 3 (plumbing)NCC Section J (Vol 1) + NatHERS 7-star (Vol 2 housing)NCC Section C, D, E + AS 1530, AS 4072 seriesNCC Vol 1 Part D3 + AS 1428.1-2021 + Disability (Access to Premises) Standards 2010
国家主要建筑规范能源规范消防安全无障碍
印度NBC 2016(BIS,指导性)+ 邦级DCR/DCPR(强制性)ECBC 2017 / ECBC-R 2018(BEE)NBC 2016 Part 4 + IS 15683《统一指南与空间标准2021》(MoHUA)
阿联酋(迪拜)迪拜建筑规范2021(DBC)Al Sa'fat迪拜绿色建筑法规2011 + 2016年更新阿联酋消防与生命安全实务规范2018迪拜通用设计规范2017 + 联邦第29/2006号法律
阿联酋(阿布扎比)阿布扎比国际建筑规范2013(ADIBC,源自IBC)Estidama珍珠建筑评级体系2010阿联酋消防与生命安全实务规范2018DMA无障碍规范2014
沙特阿拉伯SBC 201-CR 2018(通用)——9部分规范体系SBC 601-CR 2018(能源)SBC 801-CR 2018(消防)+ 沙特消防规范2007SBC 801 Part 11 + 通用无障碍规范(KKIA)
美国IBC 2024(范本)+ 各州采纳版本(2015-2024不等)IECC 2024 / ASHRAE 90.1-2022(建筑能源标准)NFPA 101生命安全规范2024 + IBC第7-10章ADA 2010标准 + ANSI A117.1-2017 + 《公平住房法》
英国(英格兰)《建筑法规2010》+《批准文件A-S》(2010-2025)AD-L第1卷(住宅)+ 第2卷(其他建筑),2021版 + 2025年未来住宅/建筑标准AD-B第1卷 + 第2卷(2022年格伦费尔事件后修订)AD-M第1卷(住宅)+ 第2卷(其他建筑),2015/2020版 + BS 8300-1/2:2018
德国16部州建筑条例(LBO)+ Musterbauordnung 2002/2019(MBO)范本GEG 2023(《建筑能源法》)LBO + 《工业建筑范本导则》(Muster-Industriebaurichtlinie) + DIN 4102 / EN 13501DIN 18040-1(公共建筑)、-2(住宅)、-3(公共空间)
新加坡《建筑控制法1989》+《建筑控制条例2003》BCA环境可持续性规范2018 + SS 530SCDF消防规范2018BCA无障碍规范2019 + 通用设计指数
日本《建筑基准法1950》(Kenchiku Kijun Ho)+ 内阁令 + MLIT通知《建筑能源消耗性能改善法2015》(Kenchikubutsu Sho-Energy Ho)《消防法》+《消防法施行令》《爱心建筑法2006》(无障碍法)
中国GB 50352-2019(《民用建筑设计统一标准》)+ GB 50016-2014(消防)+ 其他50余部GB规范GB 55015-2021(《建筑节能与可再生能源利用通用规范》)+ GB 50189-2015(公共建筑)GB 50016-2014/2018(消防)、GB 50045-95/2005(高层)GB 50763-2012(《无障碍设计规范》)
澳大利亚NCC 2022第1卷(2-9类建筑)、第2卷(1、10类建筑)、第3卷(给排水)NCC J节(第1卷)+ NatHERS 7星级(第2卷住宅)NCC C、D、E节 + AS 1530、AS 4072系列NCC第1卷D3部分 + AS 1428.1-2021 + 《残疾(场所准入)标准2010》

3.2 Seismic, Wind, Snow Loading Codes

3.2 抗震、抗风、雪荷载规范

CountrySeismicWindSnow / Climate Loads
IndiaIS 1893:2016 (Pt 1 general; Pt 2 liquid retaining; Pt 3 bridges; Pt 4 industrial) + IS 13920:2016 ductile detailingIS 875 Pt 3:2015IS 875 Pt 4 (snow, limited)
UAEASCE 7-16 referenced; low seismicity (Zone 1-2 ASCE), but Dubai Code mandates Zone 2AASCE 7-16, sandstorm + thermal additionalN/A (heat instead -- ASHRAE 169 zone B1 hot-dry)
Saudi ArabiaSBC 301-CR 2018 (loads) -- ASCE 7-derived, Zone 1 (Riyadh) to 2B (Tabuk/NEOM)SBC 301 -- ASCE 7-derived, 3-second gust mapN/A (heat); SBC 301 thermal
USAASCE 7-22 + ASCE 41-23 (existing) + ACI 318-19, AISC 360-22ASCE 7-22 (Risk Cat I-IV; 3-second gust)ASCE 7-22 Ch. 7 (ground snow load maps)
UKBS EN 1998-1:2004 (Eurocode 8) -- low seismicity, often waivedBS EN 1991-1-4 + UK National Annex (BS EN 1991-1-4 NA)BS EN 1991-1-3 + UK NA (snow)
GermanyDIN EN 1998-1 + DIN EN 1998 NA (zones 0-3)DIN EN 1991-1-4 + DIN NA (zones WZ 1-4)DIN EN 1991-1-3 + DIN NA (zones SLZ 1-3 + elevation table)
SingaporeSS EN 1998-1 + SS NA (intra-plate; small loads)SS EN 1991-1-4 + SS NA (tropical; 1-in-50yr 3s gust 33-35 m/s)N/A
JapanBuilding Standards Act Art. 20 + MLIT 2009 Notification + AIJ standards; Level 1 (475-yr) + Level 2 (2475-yr) designBuilding Standards Act + AIJ Recommendations for Loads on Buildings 2015AIJ Recommendations -- regional snow load maps by city
ChinaGB 50011-2010 (seismic design of buildings) -- 6 zones (degree 6 to 9)GB 50009-2012 (load code) -- 4 wind zonesGB 50009-2012 -- snow load maps
AustraliaAS 1170.4-2007 (low to moderate)AS/NZS 1170.2:2021 -- regions A, B, C (cyclonic), D (severe cyclonic)AS/NZS 1170.3:2003 -- snow for alpine regions
国家抗震抗风雪/气候荷载
印度IS 1893:2016(第1部分通用;第2部分储液结构;第3部分桥梁;第4部分工业建筑)+ IS 13920:2016延性构造IS 875第3部分:2015IS 875第4部分(雪荷载,适用范围有限)
阿联酋引用ASCE 7-16;低地震烈度(ASCE 1-2区),但迪拜规范强制要求按2A区设计ASCE 7-16,附加沙尘暴和热荷载无(以热荷载为主——ASHRAE 169 B1区炎热干燥)
沙特阿拉伯SBC 301-CR 2018(荷载)——源自ASCE 7,地震区从1区(利雅得)到2B区(塔布克/ NEOM)SBC 301——源自ASCE 7,3秒阵风风速图无(以热荷载为主;SBC 301热荷载)
美国ASCE 7-22 + ASCE 41-23(既有建筑)+ ACI 318-19、AISC 360-22ASCE 7-22(风险类别I-IV;3秒阵风)ASCE 7-22第7章(地面积雪荷载图)
英国BS EN 1998-1:2004(Eurocode 8)——低地震烈度,通常可豁免BS EN 1991-1-4 + 英国国家附录(BS EN 1991-1-4 NA)BS EN 1991-1-3 + 英国国家附录(雪荷载)
德国DIN EN 1998-1 + DIN EN 1998国家附录(0-3区)DIN EN 1991-1-4 + DIN国家附录(风区WZ 1-4)DIN EN 1991-1-3 + DIN国家附录(雪区SLZ 1-3 + 高程表)
新加坡SS EN 1998-1 + SS国家附录(板块内部;荷载较小)SS EN 1991-1-4 + SS国家附录(热带气候;50年一遇3秒阵风33-35 m/s)
日本《建筑基准法》第20条 + MLIT 2009年通知 + AIJ标准;1级(475年一遇)+ 2级(2475年一遇)设计《建筑基准法》+ AIJ《建筑荷载建议2015》AIJ建议——按城市划分的区域雪荷载图
中国GB 50011-2010(《建筑抗震设计规范》)——6个烈度区(6度到9度)GB 50009-2012(《建筑结构荷载规范》)——4个风区GB 50009-2012——雪荷载图
澳大利亚AS 1170.4-2007(低到中等烈度)AS/NZS 1170.2:2021——A、B、C(气旋)、D(强气旋)区AS/NZS 1170.3:2003——高山地区雪荷载

3.3 Code Reference Hierarchy When Designing Cross-Border

3.3 跨境设计时的规范参考层级

When designing for a country not in Tier-1, use this fallback chain:
  1. Local code (if exists and translated/available)
  2. Regional code adopted by reference (e.g., Gulf states often defer to IBC or SBC)
  3. International Building Code (IBC 2024) -- North American default
  4. Eurocodes (EN 1990-1999) -- European default, used in 30+ countries by adoption
  5. ISO standards (ISO 21542 accessibility, ISO 23932 fire engineering, ISO 22156 bamboo, ISO 5807 plumbing) -- universal fallback
  6. ASHRAE 90.1 + ASHRAE 62.1 + ASHRAE 55 -- universal thermal/IAQ/comfort fallback

当为非第一梯队国家设计时,使用以下备用层级链:
  1. 本地规范(如存在且有翻译/可获取)
  2. 通过引用采纳的区域规范(例如海湾国家通常遵循IBC或SBC)
  3. 《国际建筑规范》(IBC 2024)——北美默认选项
  4. Eurocodes(EN 1990-1999)——欧洲默认选项,被30多个国家采纳使用
  5. ISO标准(ISO 21542 无障碍、ISO 23932 消防工程、ISO 22156 竹结构、ISO 5807 给排水)——通用备用选项
  6. ASHRAE 90.1 + ASHRAE 62.1 + ASHRAE 55——通用热工/室内空气质量/舒适度备用选项

4. Climate Zone Cross-Walk

4. 气候区对照

Every country uses a slightly different climate zone classification. The architect must translate.
每个国家的气候区分类略有不同,建筑师需要进行转换。

4.1 ASHRAE 169 / IECC Climate Zones (1-8)

4.1 ASHRAE 169 / IECC 气候区(1-8)

ZoneDefinitionTypical Tier-1 Cities
1A Very Hot HumidCDD10C > 5000Singapore, Mumbai (coastal), Chennai
1B Very Hot DryCDD10C > 5000, HDD18C < 4500Doha, Dubai, Riyadh (south), Jeddah
2A Hot Humid3500 < CDD10C <= 5000Houston, Miami, Bangalore, Manila
2B Hot Dry3500 < CDD10C <= 5000, dryPhoenix, Dubai (inland), Riyadh (most), Cairo
3A Warm Humid2500 < CDD10C <= 3500Atlanta, Tokyo, Shanghai, Sydney
3B Warm Dry2500 < CDD10C <= 3500, dryLos Angeles, Madrid, Tabuk
3C Warm MarineCoastal mildSan Francisco, Lisbon, Melbourne
4A Mixed Humid2000 < CDD10C, 3000 < HDD18C <= 4000Washington DC, New York, Seoul
4B Mixed DryMixed climate, dryAlbuquerque
4C Mixed MarineMixed maritimeSeattle, London (margin to 5A), Vancouver
5A Cool Humid4000 < HDD18C <= 5000Chicago, Boston, Beijing, Toronto
5B Cool Dry4000 < HDD18C <= 5000, dryDenver
5C Cool MarineCool maritimeEdinburgh, Hobart
6A Cold Humid5000 < HDD18C <= 7000Minneapolis, Stockholm, Helsinki, Munich, Berlin
6B Cold DryCold dryCalgary, Salt Lake City
7 Very Cold7000 < HDD18C <= 9000Anchorage, Yakutsk, Inari
8 SubarcticHDD18C > 9000Fairbanks, Resolute, Norilsk
气候区定义典型第一梯队城市
1A 极热湿润CDD10C > 5000新加坡、孟买(沿海)、金奈
1B 极热干燥CDD10C > 5000,HDD18C < 4500多哈、迪拜、利雅得(南部)、吉达
2A 炎热湿润3500 < CDD10C <= 5000休斯顿、迈阿密、班加罗尔、马尼拉
2B 炎热干燥3500 < CDD10C <= 5000,干燥菲尼克斯、迪拜(内陆)、利雅得(大部分地区)、开罗
3A 温暖湿润2500 < CDD10C <= 3500亚特兰大、东京、上海、悉尼
3B 温暖干燥2500 < CDD10C <= 3500,干燥洛杉矶、马德里、塔布克
3C 温暖海洋性沿海温和气候旧金山、里斯本、墨尔本
4A 湿润混合CDD10C > 2000,3000 < HDD18C <= 4000华盛顿特区、纽约、首尔
4B 干燥混合混合气候,干燥阿尔伯克基
4C 海洋性混合混合海洋性气候西雅图、伦敦(接近5A)、温哥华
5A 凉爽湿润4000 < HDD18C <= 5000芝加哥、波士顿、北京、多伦多
5B 凉爽干燥4000 < HDD18C <= 5000,干燥丹佛
5C 凉爽海洋性凉爽海洋性气候爱丁堡、霍巴特
6A 寒冷湿润5000 < HDD18C <= 7000明尼阿波利斯、斯德哥尔摩、赫尔辛基、慕尼黑、柏林
6B 寒冷干燥寒冷干燥卡尔加里、盐湖城
7 极寒7000 < HDD18C <= 9000安克雷奇、雅库茨克、伊纳里
8 副极地HDD18C > 9000费尔班克斯、雷索卢特、诺里尔斯克

4.2 Country-Specific Equivalent Zones

4.2 各国等效气候区

CountryNative SystemBands
IndiaNBC 2016 + ECBC 20175 zones: Hot-Dry, Warm-Humid, Composite, Temperate, Cold
UAEEstidama / Dubai CodeSingle: hot-arid (CDH > 3000 K-h)
Saudi ArabiaSBC 601-CR3 zones: Z1 hot-humid coast (Jeddah/Jubail), Z2 hot-dry interior (Riyadh), Z3 cooler highlands (Abha, Taif, Tabuk)
USAIECC / ASHRAE 1698 numeric zones + A/B/C moisture sub-zones
UKAD-L + SAP 10Single national methodology; regional weather files for SAP/SBEM (Region 1 Thames -- Region 21 W. Scotland)
GermanyGEG / DIN V 18599 + DIN 4108-6National test reference year cities for each region (Bremerhaven cold, Mannheim warm); 4 climate regions for SAP-equivalent
SingaporeBCA Green Mark + SS 530Single: tropical (1A ASHRAE)
JapanSho-Energy Ho + Notification 2658 climate zones (Region 1 Hokkaido -- Region 8 Okinawa)
ChinaGB 50176-2016 Thermal Design5 zones: Severe Cold, Cold, Hot Summer Cold Winter (HSCW), Hot Summer Warm Winter (HSWW), Temperate
AustraliaNCC + NatHERS8 climate zones (Zone 1 tropical Darwin -- Zone 8 alpine Mt Buller)
When a user gives a city, resolve to BOTH the local zone and the ASHRAE zone -- design references in this plugin use both.

国家本土体系分区
印度NBC 2016 + ECBC 20175个区:炎热干燥、温暖湿润、复合气候、温带、寒冷
阿联酋Estidama / 迪拜规范单区:炎热干燥(CDH > 3000 K·h)
沙特阿拉伯SBC 601-CR3个区:Z1炎热湿润海岸(吉达/朱拜勒)、Z2炎热干燥内陆(利雅得)、Z3凉爽高地(艾卜哈、塔伊夫、塔布克)
美国IECC / ASHRAE 1698个数字区 + A/B/C湿度子区
英国AD-L + SAP 10单一国家方法学;SAP/SBEM使用区域气象文件(1区泰晤士河——21区苏格兰西部)
德国GEG / DIN V 18599 + DIN 4108-6各区域使用国家测试参考年城市(不来梅哈芬寒冷、曼海姆温暖);SAP等效体系分为4个气候区
新加坡BCA绿色标志 + SS 530单区:热带气候(ASHRAE 1A)
日本建筑节能法 + 第265号通知8个气候区(1区北海道——8区冲绳)
中国GB 50176-2016《民用建筑热工设计规范》5个区:严寒、寒冷、夏热冬冷、夏热冬暖、温和
澳大利亚NCC + NatHERS8个气候区(1区热带达尔文——8区高山布尔山)
当用户提供城市名称时,需同时解析为当地区和ASHRAE气候区——本插件中的设计参考会同时使用两者。

5. Standards Cross-Reference Index

5. 标准对照索引

When a query references a standard, this table identifies the issuing country and equivalent in other regimes.
当查询引用某一标准时,可通过此表确定其发布国家及其他体系中的等效标准。

5.1 Structural & Concrete

5.1 结构与混凝土

StandardCountryEquivalent / Successor
ACI 318-19 (concrete)USAEN 1992 (Europe), GB 50010 (China), IS 456 (India), AS 3600 (Australia), JASS 5 / AIJ-RC (Japan)
AISC 360-22 (steel)USAEN 1993, GB 50017, IS 800, AS 4100, AIJ-LSD
EN 1992 Eurocode 2 (concrete)Europe+ national annexes; UK NA, German NA, Dutch NA etc.
EN 1993 Eurocode 3 (steel)Europe+ national annexes
EN 1995 Eurocode 5 (timber)Europe+ national annexes
EN 1996 Eurocode 6 (masonry)Europe+ national annexes
EN 1998 Eurocode 8 (seismic)Europe+ national annexes (UK NA waives in low-seismic zones)
IS 456:2000 (concrete)IndiaPredates EN; aligned to BS 8110 lineage
IS 800:2007 (steel)IndiaAligned to BS 5950 lineage; revised toward limit state
IS 1893 series (seismic)IndiaSubstantially different from EN 1998; reduction factors differ
GB 50010-2010 (concrete)ChinaDistinct theoretical basis (allowable stress historical, now ultimate limit state)
GB 50017-2017 (steel)ChinaAdopts ULS; partial safety factors differ from EN
GB 50011-2010 (seismic)China8-degree intensity scale (degree 6-9), distinct from EC8
AS 3600-2018 (concrete)AustraliaAdopts ULS; design model close to ACI 318
AS 4100-2020 (steel)AustraliaClose to AISC; minor partial factor differences
AS 1170 / AS 1170.4 (loads / seismic)Australia/NZAS/NZS standard; distinct from EN 1991
JASS / AIJ-RC (concrete)JapanTwo-level seismic design embedded
AIJ-S (steel)JapanTwo-level seismic + capacity design
SBC 304 (concrete)SaudiIBC/ACI 318 derived
SBC 306 (steel)SaudiAISC derived
标准国家等效/替代标准
ACI 318-19(混凝土)美国EN 1992(欧洲)、GB 50010(中国)、IS 456(印度)、AS 3600(澳大利亚)、JASS 5 / AIJ-RC(日本)
AISC 360-22(钢结构)美国EN 1993、GB 50017、IS 800、AS 4100、AIJ-LSD
EN 1992 Eurocode 2(混凝土)欧洲+ 国家附录;英国NA、德国NA、荷兰NA等
EN 1993 Eurocode 3(钢结构)欧洲+ 国家附录
EN 1995 Eurocode 5(木结构)欧洲+ 国家附录
EN 1996 Eurocode 6(砌体结构)欧洲+ 国家附录
EN 1998 Eurocode 8(抗震)欧洲+ 国家附录(英国NA在低地震区豁免)
IS 456:2000(混凝土)印度早于EN;源自BS 8110体系
IS 800:2007(钢结构)印度源自BS 5950体系;已修订为极限状态设计
IS 1893系列(抗震)印度与EN 1998差异较大;折减系数不同
GB 50010-2010(混凝土)中国理论基础不同(历史上采用容许应力法,现为极限状态法)
GB 50017-2017(钢结构)中国采用极限状态法;分项系数与EN不同
GB 50011-2010(抗震)中国8度烈度表(6-9度),与EC8不同
AS 3600-2018(混凝土)澳大利亚采用极限状态法;设计模型接近ACI 318
AS 4100-2020(钢结构)澳大利亚接近AISC;分项系数略有差异
AS 1170 / AS 1170.4(荷载/抗震)澳大利亚/新西兰澳新标准;与EN 1991不同
JASS / AIJ-RC(混凝土)日本内置两级抗震设计
AIJ-S(钢结构)日本两级抗震 + 能力设计
SBC 304(混凝土)沙特源自IBC/ACI 318
SBC 306(钢结构)沙特源自AISC

5.2 Fire

5.2 消防

StandardCountryEquivalent
NFPA 101 Life SafetyUSABS 9999 + BS 9991 (UK), DIN 4102 (DE), AS 1530/AS 4072 (AU)
IBC Ch. 7-10 (fire)USANCC Section C/D/E (AU), AD-B (UK), GB 50016 (CN)
EN 13501-1 (reaction to fire)EUASTM E84 (USA Class A/B/C), BS 476 (UK legacy)
EN 13501-2 (resistance to fire)EUUL 263 / ASTM E119 (USA), JIS A 1304 (JP)
AS 1530.1/.2/.3/.4/.8AustraliaEN 13501 (full set)
BS 9999:2017 + BS 9991:2015UKPerformance-based fire engineering
BS 7974:2019UKApplication of fire engineering principles
ISO 23932WorldwideFire safety engineering -- general
GB 50016-2014 (2018 ed.)ChinaCode for fire protection design of buildings
Japan Fire Service Act + FSL Enforcement OrderJapanDistinct two-tier (preventive + structural)
标准国家等效标准
NFPA 101 生命安全美国BS 9999 + BS 9991(英国)、DIN 4102(德国)、AS 1530/AS 4072(澳大利亚)
IBC 第7-10章(消防)美国NCC C/D/E节(澳大利亚)、AD-B(英国)、GB 50016(中国)
EN 13501-1(燃烧性能)欧盟ASTM E84(美国A/B/C级)、BS 476(英国旧标准)
EN 13501-2(耐火性能)欧盟UL 263 / ASTM E119(美国)、JIS A 1304(日本)
AS 1530.1/.2/.3/.4/.8澳大利亚EN 13501(全套)
BS 9999:2017 + BS 9991:2015英国基于性能的消防工程
BS 7974:2019英国消防工程原理应用
ISO 23932全球消防安全工程——总则
GB 50016-2014(2018版)中国《建筑设计防火规范》
日本《消防法》+《消防法施行令》日本独特的两级体系(预防 + 结构)

5.3 Accessibility

5.3 无障碍

StandardCountryEquivalent
ADA 2010 + ANSI A117.1-2017USA--
BS 8300-1:2018 + BS 8300-2:2018 + AD-MUK--
DIN 18040-1/-2/-3Germany--
EN 17210:2021EUAccessibility and usability of the built environment
AS 1428.1-2021 + Premises StandardsAustralia--
ISO 21542:2021WorldwideAccessibility and usability of the built environment
GB 50763-2012ChinaCode for design accessibility
Heart Building Law 2006 + JIS S 0026Japan--
Harmonised Guidelines 2021 + RPwD Act 2016IndiaRights of Persons with Disabilities Act
SBC 801 Part 11SaudiANSI A117.1-derived
Code on Accessibility 2019 (BCA) + Universal Design IndexSingapore--
Dubai Universal Design Code 2017UAE Dubai--
标准国家等效标准
ADA 2010 + ANSI A117.1-2017美国--
BS 8300-1:2018 + BS 8300-2:2018 + AD-M英国--
DIN 18040-1/-2/-3德国--
EN 17210:2021欧盟建成环境的无障碍与可用性
AS 1428.1-2021 + 场所标准澳大利亚--
ISO 21542:2021全球建成环境的无障碍与可用性
GB 50763-2012中国《无障碍设计规范》
《爱心建筑法2006》+ JIS S 0026日本--
《统一指南2021》+《残疾人权利法2016》印度《残疾人权利法案》
SBC 801 Part 11沙特源自ANSI A117.1
《无障碍规范2019》(BCA)+ 通用设计指数新加坡--
《迪拜通用设计规范2017》阿联酋迪拜--

5.4 Energy & Sustainability

5.4 能源与可持续发展

StandardCountryEquivalent
ASHRAE 90.1-2022 + IECC 2024USA--
EN 16798 (energy performance)EU--
AD-L 2021 + Future Buildings Standard 2025UK--
GEG 2023 + DIN V 18599Germany--
Section J NCC + NatHERSAustralia--
SS 530 + BCA Green Mark 2021Singapore--
Sho-Energy Ho 2015 + CASBEEJapan--
GB 55015-2021 + GB 50189-2015China--
ECBC 2017 + ECBC-R 2018 + GRIHA + IGBCIndia--
Estidama Pearl 2010 + Al Sa'fat 2016 + MostadamahUAE--
SBC 601-CR + Saudi Mostadamah Building CodeSaudi--

标准国家等效标准
ASHRAE 90.1-2022 + IECC 2024美国--
EN 16798(能源性能)欧盟--
AD-L 2021 + 未来建筑标准2025英国--
GEG 2023 + DIN V 18599德国--
NCC J节 + NatHERS澳大利亚--
SS 530 + BCA绿色标志2021新加坡--
《建筑节能法2015》+ CASBEE日本--
GB 55015-2021 + GB 50189-2015中国--
ECBC 2017 + ECBC-R 2018 + GRIHA + IGBC印度--
Estidama珍珠评级2010 + Al Sa'fat 2016 + Mostadamah阿联酋--
SBC 601-CR + 沙特Mostadamah建筑规范沙特--

6. Authority and Approval Bodies

6. 主管部门与审批机构

When advising on permit, certification, or approval, route to the named authority.
CountryBuilding ApprovalFire ApprovalEnergy CertificationAccessibility Certification
IndiaMunicipal Corporation (e.g., MCGM Mumbai, MCD Delhi, BBMP Bangalore); Development Authority for new areas (DDA Delhi, MMRDA Mumbai)State Fire Services Department + Chief Fire Officer NOCBEE (Bureau of Energy Efficiency) for ECBC; GRIHA Council / IGBC for ratingsChief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities (CCPD)
UAEDubai: Dubai Municipality + Trakhees (DDA) for free zones; Abu Dhabi: DMT (Department of Municipalities and Transport); Sharjah: SBPDUAE Civil Defence (federal); per-emirate Civil Defence sub-officesDubai: Al Sa'fat; Abu Dhabi: Estidama; both regulated by respective municipalitiesPer-emirate accessibility offices; UAE federal MOCD
Saudi ArabiaAmana / Municipality (Amanat al-Riyadh, Amanat Jeddah etc.); Royal Commissions for special zones (NEOM, Yanbu)General Directorate of Civil Defence (Mudiriat al-Difa'a al-Madani)Saudi Energy Efficiency Center (SEEC); MostadamahAuthority of People with Disabilities (Mowaamah for workplaces)
USACity/County Department of Buildings (DOB NYC), Building Department LA, BPD Chicago etc.; state code adoption officeLocal Fire Marshal + state Fire Marshal's office; AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction) per NFPADOE + state energy office; ASHRAE-certified commissioning agents for IECC/90.1Department of Justice (ADA enforcement); HUD (Fair Housing Act)
UKLocal Authority Building Control (LABC) OR Approved Inspector (private competition since 1985)Same Building Control + Fire & Rescue Service consultation; BRR (Building Safety Regulator) for higher-risk buildings >18mEPC issued by accredited assessor; SAP for dwellings, SBEM for non-domesticSame Building Control + Equality and Human Rights Commission (enforcement)
GermanyBauamt (per municipality) + state Oberste Bauaufsicht; Bauantrag submitted to local BauaufsichtsbehoerdeSame Bauamt + Berufsfeuerwehr (city fire dept) review; Brandschutznachweis requiredEnergieausweis issued by qualified Energieberater; BAFA / KfW for incentive certificationBeauftragte fuer Belange behinderter Menschen (per state); review by Bauamt
SingaporeBCA (Building & Construction Authority) + URA (planning)SCDF (Singapore Civil Defence Force) -- Fire Safety & Shelter DepartmentBCA Green Mark assessment; SCDF for ventilation interactionBCA Code of Accessibility office + Universal Design Index audit
JapanTokutei Gyousei Cho (Designated Administrative Officer) -- typically prefecture or designated city; Confirmation Inspection Agency (private since 1998)Same agency + Fire Department review (Shobosho); Article 7 inspectionEnergy compliance by Designated Inspector under 2015 Act; CASBEE assessorHeart Building Law approval by designated agency; specified housing under Choju Juutaku Hyouka
ChinaLocal Construction Bureau (Jianshe Ju) + Planning Bureau (Guihua Ju); permit = Jianshe Gongcheng Guihua Xuke ZhengSame + Public Security Fire Department (Gong'an Xiaofang); since 2019 transferred to Emergency Management DepartmentMOHURD (national) + provincial Construction Department; Green Building Label issued by CSGBCDisability Persons' Federation (Canlianhui) + Construction Bureau
AustraliaState Building Authority (Building Commission VIC, NSW Fair Trading, QBCC QLD); private Building Surveyor for assessmentState Fire & Rescue Service + Australian Building Codes Board for code; performance solutions via Fire Engineer (FPA Australia)NCC Section J via Building Surveyor; NatHERS by accredited assessor (AAA)Premises Standards via Building Surveyor; AAAA accredited Access Consultant; Human Rights Commission complaints

在提供许可、认证或审批相关建议时,路由至指定主管部门。
国家建筑审批消防审批能源认证无障碍认证
印度市政公司(如孟买MCGM、德里MCD、班加罗尔BBMP);新开发区由开发局负责(德里DDA、孟买MMRDA)邦消防局 + 首席消防官NOCBEE(能源效率局)负责ECBC;GRIHA委员会 / IGBC负责评级残疾人事务首席专员(CCPD)
阿联酋迪拜:迪拜市政局 + 自由区Trakhees(DDA);阿布扎比:DMT(市政与交通局);沙迦:SBPD阿联酋民防局(联邦);各酋长国民防分局迪拜:Al Sa'fat;阿布扎比:Estidama;均由各自市政局监管各酋长国无障碍办公室;阿联酋联邦MOCD
沙特阿拉伯市政局(Amana)(利雅得市政局、吉达市政局等);特殊区域由皇家委员会负责(NEOM、延布)民防总局(Mudiriat al-Difa'a al-Madani)沙特能效中心(SEEC);Mostadamah残疾人事务局(职场Mowaamah)
美国市/县建筑局(纽约市DOB、洛杉矶建筑局、芝加哥BPD等);州规范采纳办公室地方消防总长 + 州消防总长办公室;NFPA定义的AHJ(主管当局)能源部 + 州能源办公室;IECC/90.1的ASHRAE认证调试专员司法部(ADA执法);HUD(公平住房法)
英国地方当局建筑控制局(LABC)或 批准检查员(1985年起引入私人竞争)同一建筑控制局 + 消防救援部门磋商;高于18m的高风险建筑由BRR(建筑安全监管局)负责由认证评估师颁发EPC;住宅用SAP,非住宅用SBEM同一建筑控制局 + 平等与人权委员会(执法)
德国市政建设局(Bauamt)+ 州最高建筑监管局;建筑申请提交至地方建筑监管部门同一建设局 + 职业消防队(城市消防部门)审查;需提供消防证明(Brandschutznachweis)由合格能源顾问颁发能源证书(Energieausweis);BAFA / KfW负责激励认证各州残疾人事务专员;由建设局审查
新加坡BCA(建设局)+ URA(市区重建局)负责规划SCDF(新加坡民防部队)——消防与防空署BCA绿色标志评估;通风系统交互由SCDF负责BCA无障碍规范办公室 + 通用设计指数审核
日本指定行政官员(通常为都道府县或指定城市);确认检查机构(1998年起私有化)同一机构 + 消防部门(消防署)审查;第7条检查2015年法案下由指定检查员负责能源合规;CASBEE评估师由指定机构审批《爱心建筑法》;特定住宅适用《长寿住宅评价法》
中国地方建设局(住建局)+ 规划局;许可证=建设工程规划许可证同一部门 + 公安消防局;2019年起转隶应急管理部门MOHURD(国家层面)+ 省建设厅;绿色建筑标识由CSGBC颁发残疾人联合会 + 建设局
澳大利亚州建筑主管部门(维多利亚州建筑委员会、新南威尔士州公平交易厅、昆士兰州QBCC);由私人建筑测量师进行评估州消防救援部门 + 澳大利亚建筑规范委员会负责规范;性能解决方案由消防工程师(澳大利亚消防工程师协会FPA Australia)出具由建筑测量师负责NCC J节合规;NatHERS由认证评估师(AAA)负责由建筑测量师负责场所标准合规;AAAA认证无障碍顾问;人权委员会受理投诉

7. Skill Routing Table

7. 技能路由表

When detection succeeds, load the relevant country skill immediately and then layer specialised topical skills on top.
If user query involves...Always loadThen layer
Project in India + structural design
country-india
structural-systems
(filter by IS codes)
Project in UAE + facade
country-uae
building-envelope
(with hot-arid + sandstorm overlay)
Project in Riyadh + egress
country-saudi-arabia
fire-life-safety
(filter by SBC 801)
Project in NYC + occupancy classification
country-usa
building-codes
(filter by IBC 2024 + NYC BC 2022 amendments)
Project in London + Part L compliance
country-uk
building-sustainability
(with AD-L + Future Buildings Standard)
Project in Berlin + accessibility
country-germany
accessibility-design
(filter by DIN 18040-1/-2)
Project in Singapore + green rating
country-singapore
building-sustainability
(filter by BCA Green Mark Platinum 2021)
Project in Tokyo + seismic
country-japan
structural-systems
(filter by Building Standards Act Article 20 + AIJ)
Project in Shanghai + fire
country-china
fire-life-safety
(filter by GB 50016-2014)
Project in Sydney + NCC
country-australia
building-codes
+ relevant NCC section
If the project spans multiple jurisdictions (international firm, master plan with foreign anchor tenant, embassy/diplomatic), apply the stricter of the two for each parameter and document the source per item.

检测成功后,立即加载相关国家技能,然后在其上叠加专业主题技能。
若用户查询涉及……始终加载然后叠加
印度项目 + 结构设计
country-india
structural-systems
(按IS规范过滤)
阿联酋项目 + 外立面
country-uae
building-envelope
(叠加炎热干燥 + 沙尘暴工况)
利雅得项目 + 疏散
country-saudi-arabia
fire-life-safety
(按SBC 801过滤)
纽约项目 + 使用功能分类
country-usa
building-codes
(按IBC 2024 + 纽约市建筑规范2022修订版过滤)
伦敦项目 + Part L合规
country-uk
building-sustainability
(叠加AD-L + 未来建筑标准)
柏林项目 + 无障碍
country-germany
accessibility-design
(按DIN 18040-1/-2过滤)
新加坡项目 + 绿色评级
country-singapore
building-sustainability
(按BCA绿色标志白金级2021过滤)
东京项目 + 抗震
country-japan
structural-systems
(按《建筑基准法》第20条 + AIJ过滤)
上海项目 + 消防
country-china
fire-life-safety
(按GB 50016-2014过滤)
悉尼项目 + NCC
country-australia
building-codes
+ 相关NCC章节
如果项目跨越多个司法管辖区(国际公司、有外国主力租户的总体规划、大使馆/外交项目),则每个参数均采用两者中更严格的要求,并逐项记录来源。

8. Decision Tree

8. 决策树

USER QUERY ARRIVES
    |
    +--- Geographic signal detected? --- YES ---> Load country-<x> skill
    |                                                  |
    |                                                  +--> Continue with topical skill
    |                                                       (building-codes, fire-life-safety, etc.)
    |                                                       FILTERED through country lens
    |
    +--- NO signal detected ----> Ask "which jurisdiction?"
                                  OR apply IBC + Eurocodes + ISO defaults explicitly
Once a country skill is loaded:
COUNTRY SKILL ACTIVE
    |
    +--- Sub-national variant? (state, emirate, Land, prefecture, city)
    |       e.g., "Mumbai" --> MCGM DCPR 2034 supplement
    |       e.g., "Dubai" --> DBC 2021 vs Abu Dhabi ADIBC 2013
    |       e.g., "NYC" --> IBC 2024 + NYC BC 2022 amendments
    |       e.g., "Bavaria" --> BayBO + DIN-based Brandschutznachweis
    |       e.g., "California" --> IBC + Title 24 Part 6 (energy) + Part 11 (CalGreen)
    |
    +--- Version year of code in force?
    |       Older codes still in force for permits issued before transition.
    |       Practitioner must know permit-issue date vs current code year.
    |
    +--- Permit phase?
            Pre-application -- planning/zoning rules dominant
            Design Development -- structural + envelope + life-safety
            Construction -- materials testing + inspection
            Occupancy -- final certification + commissioning

USER QUERY ARRIVES
    |
    +--- Geographic signal detected? --- YES ---> Load country-<x> skill
    |                                                  |
    |                                                  +--> Continue with topical skill
    |                                                       (building-codes, fire-life-safety, etc.)
    |                                                       FILTERED through country lens
    |
    +--- NO signal detected ----> Ask "which jurisdiction?"
                                  OR apply IBC + Eurocodes + ISO defaults explicitly
加载国家技能后:
COUNTRY SKILL ACTIVE
    |
    +--- Sub-national variant? (state, emirate, Land, prefecture, city)
    |       e.g., "Mumbai" --> MCGM DCPR 2034 supplement
    |       e.g., "Dubai" --> DBC 2021 vs Abu Dhabi ADIBC 2013
    |       e.g., "NYC" --> IBC 2024 + NYC BC 2022 amendments
    |       e.g., "Bavaria" --> BayBO + DIN-based Brandschutznachweis
    |       e.g., "California" --> IBC + Title 24 Part 6 (energy) + Part 11 (CalGreen)
    |
    +--- Version year of code in force?
    |       Older codes still in force for permits issued before transition.
    |       Practitioner must know permit-issue date vs current code year.
    |
    +--- Permit phase?
            Pre-application -- planning/zoning rules dominant
            Design Development -- structural + envelope + life-safety
            Construction -- materials testing + inspection
            Occupancy -- final certification + commissioning

9. Application Workflow

9. 应用工作流

  1. Detect geography using triggers in Section 1.
  2. Determine sub-national variation using Section 2 archetype + country-skill Section 1.
  3. Identify code version in force -- transition dates vary; ask user for permit application date if material.
  4. Apply country-skill clauses as primary; supplement with
    building-codes
    ,
    fire-life-safety
    ,
    accessibility-design
    ,
    building-sustainability
    for general principles only when country skill is silent.
  5. Cite clauses precisely: use "[code title] [version year] [section/clause/article number]" format -- e.g., "IBC 2024, Section 1006.2.1, Table 1006.2.1" or "GEG 2023 paragraph 19".
  6. Flag stricter local override -- if state/city code is more stringent than national, the local clause governs.
  7. Identify the approval authority using Section 6.
  8. Cross-check with international reference if the user requests benchmark (e.g., compare ECBC 2017 wall U-values vs ASHRAE 90.1-2022 vs Passive House).

  1. 利用第1节中的触发项检测地理信息
  2. 结合第2节的监管原型 + 国家技能第1节确定地方变体
  3. 确定现行规范版本——过渡日期各不相同;如有重要影响,询问用户许可申请日期。
  4. 优先应用国家技能条款;仅当国家技能未涵盖相关内容时,以
    building-codes
    fire-life-safety
    accessibility-design
    building-sustainability
    中的通用原则作为补充。
  5. 精准引用条款:使用“[规范标题] [版本年份] [章节/条款/条号]”格式——例如“IBC 2024, Section 1006.2.1, Table 1006.2.1”或“GEG 2023 paragraph 19”。
  6. 标注更严格的地方替代规定——如果州/城市规范比国家规范更严格,则以地方条款为准。
  7. 利用第6节确定审批主管部门
  8. 如果用户要求基准对比,与国际参考标准交叉核对(例如对比ECBC 2017、ASHRAE 90.1-2022与Passive House的墙体U值要求)。

10. When Geographic Foundations Should NOT Fire

10. 地理基础模块不应触发的场景

  • Pure theory/precedent question with no project context ("what is critical regionalism?" -- handled by
    design-theory
    )
  • Pure typological question with no jurisdiction ("what is a courtyard plan?" -- handled by
    spatial-planning
    or
    building-typology
    )
  • Mathematical/computational question ("calculate U-value of this assembly" -- handled by
    architect-calculator
    )
  • Question explicitly framed as international/cross-border default ("what does Passive House require?" -- handled by
    building-sustainability
    )
In all other cases involving design decisions tied to a real location, this skill should fire.

Sources: ICC (International Code Council) -- IBC/IRC/IECC/IFC 2024 editions; NFPA -- NFPA 101 2024 + NFPA 70 2023; BSI -- Building Regulations 2010 + Approved Documents A-S 2010-2025; DIBt + Lander -- MBO 2002/2019 + 16 Landesbauordnungen current editions; BIS -- NBC 2016 + IS codes current editions; BEE -- ECBC 2017 + ECBC-R 2018; MoHUA India -- Harmonised Guidelines 2021; SBCNC -- Saudi Building Code 2018 9-part series; UAE Civil Defence -- UAE Fire & Life Safety Code 2018; Dubai Municipality -- Dubai Building Code 2021; Department of Municipalities and Transport Abu Dhabi -- ADIBC 2013 + Estidama Pearl Rating; BCA Singapore -- Building Control Act + Building Control Regulations 2003 + 2021 update + SCDF Fire Code 2018; MLIT Japan -- Building Standards Act + Cabinet Order + recent Notifications; MOHURD China -- GB 50352-2019, GB 50016-2014 (2018 ed.), GB 50011-2010, GB 55015-2021; ABCB Australia -- NCC 2022 Volumes 1-3; ISO -- 21542:2021, 23932:2018; CEN -- EN 1990-1999 Eurocode suite current editions with national annexes; ASHRAE -- 90.1-2022, 62.1-2022, 55-2020, 169-2021.
  • 无项目背景的纯理论/先例问题(“什么是批判地域主义?”——由
    design-theory
    处理)
  • 无司法管辖区关联的纯类型学问题(“什么是庭院式布局?”——由
    spatial-planning
    building-typology
    处理)
  • 数学/计算类问题(“计算该构造的U值”——由
    architect-calculator
    处理)
  • 明确以国际/跨境默认场景提出的问题(“Passive House有什么要求?”——由
    building-sustainability
    处理)
在所有其他涉及真实地点相关设计决策的场景中,本技能均应触发。

来源:ICC(国际规范委员会)——IBC/IRC/IECC/IFC 2024版;NFPA——NFPA 101 2024 + NFPA 70 2023;BSI——《建筑法规2010》+《批准文件A-S》2010-2025;DIBt + Lander——MBO 2002/2019 + 16部州建筑条例现行版本;BIS——NBC 2016 + IS规范现行版本;BEE——ECBC 2017 + ECBC-R 2018;印度MoHUA——《统一指南2021》;SBCNC——沙特建筑规范2018 9部分系列;阿联酋民防局——阿联酋消防与生命安全实务规范2018;迪拜市政局——迪拜建筑规范2021;阿布扎比市政与交通局——ADIBC 2013 + Estidama珍珠评级体系;新加坡BCA——《建筑控制法》+《建筑控制条例》2003 + 2021年更新 + SCDF消防规范2018;日本MLIT——《建筑基准法》+ 内阁令 + 近期通知;中国MOHURD——GB 50352-2019、GB 50016-2014(2018版)、GB 50011-2010、GB 55015-2021;澳大利亚ABCB——NCC 2022 第1-3卷;ISO——21542:2021、23932:2018;CEN——EN 1990-1999 Eurocode系列现行版本及国家附录;ASHRAE——90.1-2022、62.1-2022、55-2020、169-2021。